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Definition
| movement of dissolved substances such as digested food and oxygen across a plasma membrane into the interior of a cell |
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| muscular tube through which food passes, in humans it extends from the mouth to the anus and includes the pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, and small and large intestines, also known as the digestive tract or gut. |
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| grou p of enzymes that break down the polysacchirades starch and glycogen into smaller units. |
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| posterior or terminal opening of the alimentary canal through which faeces are expelled from the body. |
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| describes an organismt that, given a source of energy, can produce its own food from simple inorganic substances, also known as a producer. |
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| organisms that, given a source of energy, can produce their own foodfrom simple inoranic substances, also known as producers. |
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Definition
| secretion produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder that contain bile salts that emulsify lipids. |
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| tube that transports bile from the gall bladder |
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| rounded mass of food, formed during chewing and ready for swallowing. |
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Definition
| organisms that kill and eat animals |
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| process of converting chemical energy of good into a form usable by cells, typically ATP. |
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| chlorophyll containing organelles that occur in the cytosol of cells of specific plant tissues. |
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| soupy mixture of food, saliva and gastric juice found in the stomach. |
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Definition
| portion of the large intestine leading from the small intestine to the rectum |
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Definition
| a condition, inherited as an autosomal recessive, in which an affected person produces abnormal mucus secretions. |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical breakdown of large organic moluecules into smaller units that can pass across plasma membranes. |
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Definition
| alimentary canal and associated organs that secrete chemicals into the canal. |
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Definition
| portion of the small intestine leading from the stomach and into which secretions from the pancreas and the liver are released. |
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Definition
| break down of large fat droplets into smaller fat droplets. |
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Term
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Definition
| typically, specific proteins that act as catalysts to increase the rate of a particular chemical reaction in living organisms. |
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Definition
| undigested material eliminated from the gastrointestinal tract. |
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Definition
| herbivorous mammals in which bacterial digestion of plant material occurs in a greatly rnlarged stomach or oesophagus. |
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Definition
| organ in which bile is stored. |
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Definition
| fluid secreted by various cell types in the stomach wall, contains enzymes, water, mucus and hydrochloric acid. |
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Definition
| organisms that eat living plants or parts of them. |
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Definition
| describes an organis that cannot make its own food and must ingest or absorb organic material from tis environment. |
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Definition
| organisms that ingest or absorb food in the form of organic material from their environment, also known as consumers. |
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Definition
| herbivorous mammals in which bacterial digestion of plant material occurs in modified regions of the colon or caecum. |
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Definition
| part of the small intestine leadin from the jejunum to the large intestine. |
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Definition
| short section of the small intestine leadin from the duedenum to the ileum. |
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Definition
| lymph vessels in the villi of the small intestine. |
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Definition
| part of the digestive system between the small intestine and anus. |
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Definition
| in mammals, large organ located in upper abdomen and which has many functions including removal of some toxic materials from the blood, storage of glycogen and production of bile. |
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Term
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Definition
| lubricating substance screted by mucous glands particularly in the alimentary canal and the bronchii. |
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Definition
| muscular tube that transports food from the pharynx at the back of the mouth to the stomach. |
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Definition
| organisms that eat both plants and animals. |
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Definition
| organ that secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum and hormones into the bloodstream. |
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Definition
| protein-digesting enzyme produced by cells in the stomach. |
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Definition
| movement of food along the gut by means of contraction and relaxation of muscle in the gut wall. |
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Definition
| process by which plants trap the radiant energy of sunlight to produce carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water. |
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Definition
| living animal that is captured and eaten by a predator |
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Definition
| a muscular opening through which food is forced from the stomach into the small intestine. |
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Definition
| final section of the large intestine that ends at the anus |
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| herbivorous mammals with a stomach comprising several compartments, one of which is known as the rumen where fermentation of food begings. |
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Definition
| a measure that identifies the number of units of surface area available to serve each unit of internal volume of a cell, tissues or organism. |
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Definition
| part of the alimentary canal that comprises the duodenum, jejunum and ileum, and is located between the stomach and the large intestine. |
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| expanded part of the gut into which the oesophagus opens. |
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Definition
| small projections of tissue that function to increase surface area. |
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