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| Biological Species Concept |
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| A definition of species that focuses on reproductive capabilities, whereby organisms from different populations are considered to be in the same species if they naturally interbreed and produce fertile offspring. |
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| A diagram showing the evolutionary relationships between species. |
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| The transformation of a single species over time. |
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| Labels given to different points in the evolutionary lineage of a single species over time. |
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| The formation of one or more new species from another over time. |
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| The genetic isolation of populations that may render them incapable of producing fertile offspring. |
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| The origin of a new species. |
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| The formation of many new species following the availability of new environments or the development of a new adaptation. |
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| A model of macroevolutionary change whereby changes occur at a slow, steady rate over time |
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| A model of macroevolutionary change in which long periods of littel evolutionary change (stasis) are followed by relatively short periods of rapid evolutionary change. |
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| Many species becoming extinct at about the same time. |
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| A discredited idea that evolution will continue in a given direction because of some vaguely defined "force". |
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| Groupings within a species that are quite physically distinct from one another but capable of fertile interbreeding. |
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| Similarity due to descent from a common ancestor. |
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| Similarity due to independent evolution. |
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| Independent evolution of traits in closely related species. |
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| Independent evolution of similar traits in rather distinct evolutionary lines. |
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| A trait that has not changed from an ancestral state. |
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| A trait that has changed from an ancestral state. |
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| A school of thought that stresses the overall similarity of all (primitive and derived) homologous traits in a classification. |
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| A school of thought that stresses evolutionary relationships between organisms based on shared derived traits. |
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| A group used for comparison in cladistic analyses to determine whether the ancestral state of a trait is primitive or derived. |
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