Term
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Definition
| between conception and implantation in the wall of the uterus, the most critical period of prenatal development |
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Term
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Definition
| arms, legs, and a beating heart develop, sexual differentiation also takes place during the end of this period |
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Term
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Definition
| environmental agents that may damage the developing fetus |
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Term
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Definition
| the times of greatest susceptibility to damage in the developing fetus |
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Term
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Definition
| the nervous system matures from the head down and from the center out to the extremities |
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Term
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Definition
| a very important time for physical and psychological growth, the "growth spurt" begins in males at about THIRTEEN years and in females at about ELEVEN years |
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Term
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Definition
| in adolescence the average age of menarche is 12-13 and estrogen causes the changes. the average age of sexual maturation in boys is 13-14 and androgens cause facial hair, lower voice, and sexual maturity |
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Term
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Definition
| very slow decline in abilities the 20s, by age 50 most women experience menopause and ovulation eventually stops |
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Term
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Definition
| by recording how long infants pay attention to various stimuli, we can infer their capabilities from preference, noticing novelty (newness), and learning to repeat |
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Term
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Definition
| infants prefer to look at novel or new events and tend to ignore events that are repeated. this decline in responsiveness is called habituation |
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Term
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Definition
| studies test the same people over a period of time |
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Term
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Definition
| studies test different people at different ages for a limited time |
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Term
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Definition
new experiences are placed in existing schemes
ex.) the bunny is a kitty because it is furry |
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Term
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Definition
existing schemes are changed to deal with new information
ex.) bunnies hop so it is not a kitty |
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Term
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Definition
| schemata revolve around an infant's senses and motor abilities as they learn to interact with the world |
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Term
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Definition
| the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are no longer in sight (PIAGET SAID THAT IT DEVELOPS AT *END OF FIRST YEAR*) |
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Term
preoperational (TWO-SEVEN)
conservation |
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Definition
| basic properties of objects do not change even though their appearance changes (DO NOT UNDERSTAND IN PREOP) |
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Term
preoperational (TWO-SEVEN)
centration |
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Definition
| tendency to focus on only one aspect of a situation and ignore all other aspects (tall glass vs short glass) |
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Term
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Definition
| develop capacity for true mental operations and show beginnings of logical thought, mental operations can be done only on familiar objects from everyday experience (CONCRETE OBJECTS) |
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Term
| formal (ELEVEN-ADULTHOOD) |
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Definition
| gain mastery over abstract thinking (symbolic and hypothetical), systematic problem solving strategies observed throughout this final stage of intellectual development |
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Term
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Definition
| stages of moral reasoning based on assessing responses to moral dilemmas |
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Term
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Definition
| decisions about right or wrong based primarily on immediate external consequences |
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Term
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Definition
| judgements are made using internalized rules, considering how the action maintains or disrupts the social order |
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Term
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Definition
| judgements are made based upon abstract principles that may conflict with acceptable standards (rare) ghandi thinks this way |
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