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Chapter 49 - Fecal Elimination
Definitions
32
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
02/07/2013

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Term
Bedpan
Definition
a receptacle for urine and feces
Term
Bowel Incontinence
Definition
loss of voluntary ability to control fecal and gaseous discharges through the anal sphincter; also called fecal incontinence
Term
Carminatives
Definition
agents that promote the passage of flatus from the colon
Term
Cathartics
Definition
drugs that induce defecation
Term
Chyme
Definition
waste products leaving the stomach through the small intestine
Term
Colostomy
Definition
a temporary or permanent opening into the colon to divert and drain fecal matter
Term
Commode
Definition
a portable chair with a toilet seat and a receptacle underneath that can be emptied; often used for the adult client who is able to get out of bed but is unable to walk to the bathroom
Term
Constipation
Definition
passage of small, dry, hard stool; or no passage of stool for a period of time; may be defined as fewer than three bowel movements per week
Term
Defecation
Definition
expulsion of feces from the anus and rectum
Term
Diarrhea
Definition
defecation of liquid feces and increased frequency of defecation
Term
Enema
Definition
solution introduced into the rectum and large intestine, used most often as treatment for constipation; used to distend the intestine and sometimes to irritate the intestinal mucosa, thereby increasing peristalsis and the excretion of feces and flatus
Term
Fecal Impaction
Definition
a mass or collection of hardened feces in the folds of the rectum
Term
Fecal Incontinence
Definition
loss of voluntary ability to control fecal and gaseous discharges through the anal sphincter; also called bowel incontinence
Term
Feces
Definition
excreted waste products from the digestive system; also called stool
Term
Flatulence
Definition
the presence of excessive amounts of gas in the stomach or intestines
Term
Flatus
Definition
gas or air normally present in the stomach or intestines
Term
Gastrocolic Reflex
Definition
increased peristalsis of the colon after food has entered the stomach
Term
Gastrostomy
Definition
an opening through the abdominal wall into the stomach
Term
Haustra
Definition
pouches that form in the large intestine when the longitudinal muscles are shorter than the colon
Term
Haustral Churning
Definition
movement of the chime back and forth within the haustra in the large intestine
Term
Hemorrhoids
Definition
distended veins in the rectum
Term
Ileostomy
Definition
a colostomy that generally empties from the distal end of the small intestine
Term
Ingestion
Definition
the act of taking in food or medication
Term
Jejunostomy
Definition
a tube that is placed surgically or by laparoscopy through the abdominal wall into the jejunum for long term nutritional support
Term
Laxatives
Definition
medications that stimulate bowel activity and assist fecal elimination
Term
Mass Peristalsis
Definition
involves a wave of powerful muscular contraction that moves over large areas of the colon; usually occurs after eating
Term
Meconium
Definition
the first fecal material passed by the newborn, normally up to 24 hours after birth
Term
Ostomy
Definition
an opening on the abdominal wall for the elimination of feces or urine
Term
Peristalsis
Definition
wavelike movements produced by circular and longitudinal muscle fibers of the intestinal walls; the movement propels the intestinal contents onward
Term
Stoma
Definition
an opening created in the abdominal wall by an ostomy
Term
Stool
Definition
excreted waste products of digestive system; also called feces
Term
Suppositories
Definition
form of laxative inserted into rectum; softens feces, releases gas to distend rectum, and stimulates the nerve endings in the rectal mucosa
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