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Chapter 4
Atom
15
Chemistry
8th Grade
12/08/2006

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Term
Atom
Definition
The smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction.
Term
Atomic Mass
Definition
The weighted average mass of the atoms in a natural occurring sample of an element
Term
Atomic Mass Unit (AMU)
Definition
One twelve of a carbon-12 atom.
Term
Atomic Number
Definition
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element.
Term
Cathode Ray
Definition
A glowing beam that traveled from the Cathode disk to the Anode disk.
Term
Daltons Atomic Theory
Definition
1. All elements are composed of tiny invisible particles called atoms.
2. Aroms of the same element are identicle. The atoms of any one element are different from those of any other element.
3. Atoms of different elements can phisically mix together or can chemically combine in simple whole-number ratios to form compounds.
4. Chemical reactions occur when atoms are seperated, joined, or rearranged. Aroms of one element, however never changed into atoms of another element as a result of chemical reaction.
Term
Electrons
Definition
Negatively charged subatomic particles.
Term
Group
Definition
The vertical columns of the periodic table.
Term
Isotopes
Definition
Atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
Term
Mass Number
Definition
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
Term
Neutron
Definition
Subatomic particles with no charge but with a mass nearly equal of that of a proton.
Term
Nucleus
Definition
The tiny central core of an atom and is composed of protons and neutrons.
Term
Period
Definition
The horizantal rows of the periodic table.
Term
Periodic Table
Definition
An arrangement of elements in which the elements are seperated into groups based on a set of repeating properties.
Term
Proton
Definition
Positively charged subatomic particals.
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