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| fluid filled tube that is the organ of auditory transduction |
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| undulates when vibrations from the ossicles reach the cochlear fluid |
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| specialized auditory receptor neurons embedded in the basilar membrane |
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| portion of the temporal lobe that contains the primary auditory cortex |
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| cochlea encodes different frequencies at different locations along basilar membrane |
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| cochlea registers low frequencies via te firing rate of action potentials entering the auditory nerve |
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| What allow us to localize sound? |
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| transmit initial sharp pain |
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| transmit longer-lasting, duller pain |
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| theory of pain perception based on the idea that signals arriving from pain receptors in the body can be stopped or gated by interneurons in the spinal cord via feedback from 2 directions |
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| perception of one sense to envoke another |
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| methods that measure strength of the stimulus and the observer's sensitivity to the stimulus |
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| elements of a visual image that move together are perceived as parts of a single moving object |
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| feeling of pain when sensory info from internal and external areas converge on the same nerve cells in the spinal cord |
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| 3 fluid filled semicircular canals and adjacent organs located next to the cochlea in inner ear, detects mvmt of fluid in head |
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| inability to retrieve info that was acquired before a certain date, injury, or surgery |
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| inability to transfer new info from short-term store to long term store, processing in hippocampus |
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| ability to store and retrieve information |
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| process of actively relating new info to knowledge that is already in memory |
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| transience, blocking, absentmindedness, memory misattribution, suggestibility, bias, persistence |
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| semantic, rhyme, and visual judgements |
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| place in which sensory memory is kepts for a few seconds or less |
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| fast-decaying store of visual info |
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| fast-decaying store of auditory info |
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| transfer-appropriate processing |
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| idea that memory is likely to transfer from one situation to another when we process info in a way that is appropriate to the retrieval cues that will be available later |
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| region that shows activity when info is successfully recalled |
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| consciously retrieving past experiences |
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| enhanced ID of word or objects |
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| motor and cognitive skills |
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| facts and general knowledge |
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-forgetting what occurs with passage of time
-occurs during storage phace
-involves gradual switch from specific to general memory |
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| lapse in attention that results in memory failure |
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| remembering to do things in the future |
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| failure to retrieve info that is available in memory even though you cannot produce it |
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| recall of when, where, and how info was acquired |
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| assigning a recollection or an idea to the wrong source |
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| tendency to incorporate misleading info from external sources into personal reflections |
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| distorting influences or present knowledge, beliefs, and feelings on recollection of previous experiences |
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| bias to reconstruct the past to fit the present |
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| tendency to exaggerate differences btwn what we feel or believe now and what we felt or believed in the past |
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| tendency to exaggerate the change btwn past and present in order to make ourselves look good in retrospect |
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| intrusive recollection of events that we wish we could forget |
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| when a neutral stimulus evokes a response after being paired with a stimulus that naturally evokes a response |
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| a general process in which repeated or prolonged exposure to a stimulus results in a gradual reduction in responding |
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| phase of classical conditioning when the CS and the US are presented together |
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| gradual elimination of a learned response that occurs when the US is no longer presented |
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| a process in which the CR is observed even though the CS is slightly different from the original one used during acquisition |
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| the capacity to distinquish btwn similar but distinct stimuli |
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| type of learning in which the consequences of an organism's behavior determines whether it will be repeated in the future |
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| the principle that behaviors that are followed by a "satisfying state of affairs" tend to be repeated and those that produce an "unpleasant state of affairs" are less likely to be repeated |
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| behavior that an organism produces that has some impact on the enviornment |
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| condition in which something is learned but is not manifested as a behavior change until sometime in the future |
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| a mental representation of the physical feature of the enviornment |
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| learning that takes place largely independent of awareness of both the process and the products of information acquisition |
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| order or eye (front to back) |
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Definition
| CPLR - cornea, pupil, lens, retina |
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| order of ear (outer to inner) |
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Definition
| pinnal, auditory canal, eardum, ossicles, cochlea, auditory nerve, brain |
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| the organization, ID, and interpretation of a sensation in order to form a mental representation |
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| when sensors in the body convert physical signals from the environment into neural signals sent to the nervous system |
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| the minimal intensity needed to just barely detect a stimulus |
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| process by which the eye maintains a clear image on the retina |
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