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Chapter 4
Adhesive materials
44
Archaeology
Undergraduate 1
06/23/2013

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Term
What is adhesions/bonding?
Definition
the joining together of 2 materials using glue or cement
Term
What is micromechanical bonding?
Definition
roughness cannot be felt, surface irregularities cannot be seen by naked eye
Term
What is an example of microechanical bonding?
Definition
acid etching
Term
What is macromechanical bonding? Exmaple?
Definition
roughness can be felt, cementing crown on tooth
Term
Are undercuts needed if adhesion is being used for a restoration?
Definition
no
Term
What is microleakage?
Definition
seeping of fluids and bacteria between tooth and restoration through the process of percolation and thermal expansion
Term
What is postoperative sensitivity?
Definition
pain caused by microleakage
Term
What can microleakage cause?
Definition
recurrent decays and staining around restoration
Term
What is acid etching?
Definition
micromechanical bonding technique used for the placement of composites and sealants
Term
What is etching solution make of?
Definition
orthophosphoric acid 37%
Term
Do deciduous or permanent teeth have to be etched longer?
Definition
deciduous
Term
What should you do if the tooth becomes contaminated with saliva during etching?
Definition
etch for 5 more seconds instead of 15
Term
WHat are polycarboxoxylate cements made of?
Definition
polyacrylic acid and zinc oxide
Term
What are glass ionomer cements made of?
Definition
polyacrylic acid and glass powder, used now
Term
What must you do to a surface before bonding a material to it?
Definition
clean it, remove the smear layer
Term
What do biofilms do to bonding?
Definition
reduce/prevent it
Term
What is an adhesive bonding failure?
Definition
adhesive comes off cleanly, occurs at interface, test of bond strength
Term
What is a cohesive bonding failire?
Definition
failure occurs inside the bonding material; measure of the strength of the bonding material
Term
What is the roughened surface created by acid etching called?
Definition
enamel tags or micropores
Term
How long do we etch?
Definition
15-30 secs
Term
What do we have to do before etching?
Definition
clean the tooth surface with pumace
Term
is acid etching used to bond materials to dentin?
Definition
no, just enamel
Term
How does a tooth that has been properly etched appear?
Definition
white and chalky
Term
What do we do after acid etching?
Definition
polymerize the surface- Apply a Resin systems (enamel bonding resin)
Term
How does polymeriation work?
Definition
light or chemical activated
Term
What is Polymethyl methacrylate?
Definition
the first low-viscosity resin system
Term
What is another name for low viscosity resin system?
Definition
enamel bonding resin/the adhesive
Term
What is placed after the resin?
Definition
the composite material which chemically bonds to the resin
Term
How do dentinal bonding systems work?
Definition
micromechanical bonding and secondary atomic bonds
Term
What is the smear layer?
Definition
layer of debris produced when dentin is cut or prepared for a restoration
Term
What was believed to be true of composites before the 1980's?
Definition
that composites irritate the pulp so they should not be placed on dentin
Term
Is it okay to etch dentin?
Definition
yes, it used to be not allowed but now it is shown to cause no harm
Term
What is the steps in the 3 step dentinal bonding system?
Definition
1.etch dentin and enamel(rinse then dry)
2.apply primer(DO NOT SET)
3.apply adhesive
4.place composite
Term
What is primer? What does it contain?
Definition
-similar to low viscosity resins used in enamel bonding systems
-Contains solvent (acetone or ethanol) to improve flow and wetting of surface
Term
What does etching dentin and enamel do?
Definition
-Removes smear layer
-Plugs of material forced into dentinal tubules
-Decalcifies a layer of dentin leaves collagen fibers exposed
Term
What is an adhesive?
Definition
Resin that polymerizes by chemical reactive or light activated
Term
What are the 2 dentinal bonding systems?
Definition
1.micromechanical bonding
2. formation of hybrid layer
Term
What is micrmechanical bonding?
Definition
resin material is locked in the dentinal tubules as resin tags, like the etching technique
Term
What is the hybrid layer composed of?
Definition
resin and decalcified dentin
Term
What are glass ionomers? What are they made of?
Definition
-adhesive + restorative material
-polyacrylic acid and finely ground glass
Term
What are glass iononer materials used for?
Definition
cervical lesions in the enamel and dentin and for people with high caries risk
Term
When are dentinal bonding systems usually used?
Definition
when composite restorations are placed are are used to reduce sensitivity of exposed root surfaces of teeth
Term
When is acid etching usually used?
Definition
for sealants and to bond orthadontic brackets
Term
Is it easier to bond to dentin or enamel?
Definition
enamel because it is 90% calcified where dentin is only 50%
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