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| acquiring a new response to a previously neutral stimulus |
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| automatically elicits and unconditioned response |
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| automatically elicited by the unconditioned stimulus |
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| the stimulus that comes to elicit a new response |
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| the response that is elicited by the conditioned stimulus in classical conditioning |
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| a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus precedes the unconditioned stimulus and remains present until after the unconditioned stimulus is presented so that the two stimuli occur together |
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| a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus precedes the unconditioned stimulus but is removed before the unconditioned stimulus is presented so the two stimuli do not occur together |
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| a new, learned response elicited by the CS in preparation for the arrival of the UCS |
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| the diminishing of the conditioned response when the unconditioned stimulus no longer follows the conditioned stimulus |
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| a principle developed by Edward Thorndlike that says that any behavior that results in satisfying consequences tends to be repeated and that any behavior that results in unsatisfying consequences tends not to be repeated |
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| a stimulus that increases the probability of a prior response |
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| a stimulus that decreases the probability of a prior response |
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| the appetitive stimulus is presented |
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| aversive stimulus is presented |
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| aversive stimulus is removed |
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| appetitive stimulus is removed |
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| a stimulus that is innately reinforcing |
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| a stimulus that gains its reinforcing property through learning |
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| the application of classical and operant conditioning principles to eliminate undesirable behavior and to teach more desirable behavior |
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| train a human or animal to make an operant response by reinforcing successive approximations of the desired response |
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| the strengthening of a reinforced operant response |
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| partial-reinforcement effect |
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Definition
| the finding that operant responses that are reinforced on partial schedules are more resistant to extinction than those reinforced on a continuous schedule |
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| a partial schedule of reinforcement in which a reinforcer is delivered each time a fixed number of responses are made. The fixe |
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| a partial schedule of reinforcement in which the number of responses it takes to obtain a reinforecer varies on each trial but averages to a set number across trials. |
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| a partial schedule of reinforcement in which a reinforcer is delivered after the first response is given once a set interval of time has elapsed |
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| variable-interval schedule |
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Definition
| a partial schedule of reinforcement in which the time that must elapse on each trial before a response will lead to a delivery of a reinforcer varies from trial to trial averages to a set time across trials |
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| a theory of motivation which prposes that our behavior is motivated to reduce drive created by unsatisfied bodily needs to return the body to a balanced internal state |
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| a theory of motivation which proposes that our behavior is motivated by incentives, external stimuli that we have learned to associate with reinforcement |
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| a theory of motivation which proposes that our behavior is motivated to maintain an optimal level of physiological arousal |
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| a law describing the relationship between the amount of arousal and the performance quality on a task--increasing arousal up to some optimal level increases performance quality on a task, but increasing arousal past this point is detrimental to performance |
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| a decrease in an intrinsically motivated behavior after the behavior is extrinsically reinforced and then the reinforcement discontinued |
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| the tendency for an animal to drift back from a learned operant response to an innate, instinctual response to an object |
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| learning that occurs but is not demonstrated until there is incentive to do so |
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