Term
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Definition
| Antiherpesvirus. HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection, including genital herpes, mucocutaneous herpes, herpes encephalitis, herpes zoster; higher dose for acute, lower dose for viral supression. |
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Term
| Acyclovir adverse effects |
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Definition
| n/v,diarrhea, headache, transient burning when topically applied |
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Term
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Definition
Is a synthetic nucleoside analogue that is used to suppress the replication of HSV-1, HSV-2 and VZV.
Oral, topical, and injectable. |
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Term
| Drug interactions with Acyclovir: |
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Definition
| Interferon- additive antiviral effects; probenecid- increased levels of acyclovir due to renal clearance; zidovudine- increased risk for neurotoxcity |
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Term
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Definition
| Indicated for the treatment of infections caused by CMV. May also be used as a protophylaxis to prevent CMV disease in high risk patients, such as those receiving organ transplants. |
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Term
| Ganciclovir adverse reactions |
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Definition
| Bone marrow toxicity, n/v, anorexia,headache, seizures |
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Term
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Definition
| Is a synthetic nucleoside analogue of guansosine. Commonly given IV or orally. Also available in opthalmic form to treat CMV retinitis. |
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Term
| Ganciclovir interactions: |
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Definition
| foscarnet- additive or synergistic effect against CMV and HSV-2; imimpenem- increased risk for seizure; zidovudine- increased risk for hematologic toxicity (bone marrow suppression) |
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Term
| Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) |
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Definition
| Refers to combination of antiretroviral drugs "cocktails" that are now standard for treating HIV infected patients. Started immediately upon confirmation of HIV infection. |
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Term
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Definition
protease inhibitor class of antiretroviral drugs.
Best dissolved and absorbed in an acidic gastric environment. Presence of high-protein/high-fat foods reduces absorption. (Fasting state) Produces increases in CD4 cell count and significant reductions in viral load. Patients are encouraged to drink 48 oz of liquids every day to maintain hydration and avoid nephrolithiasis. Oral use only. |
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Term
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Definition
| NNRTI (non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor). Well tolerated compared with other therapies for HIV. AE- rash, fever, nausea, HA, and abnormal LFT's. Oral use only. |
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Term
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Definition
| Also known as AZT. Synthetic nucleoside analogue of thymidine. First anti-HIV medication. Given to infected mothers and even to newborns to prevent maternal transmission to the baby. AE- (dose limiting) bone marrow suppression. Both oral and injectable formulations. |
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