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Chapter 40
Vocabulary
18
Biology
9th Grade
05/19/2010

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Term
disease
Definition
any change, other than an injury, that disrupts the normal functions of the body
Term
pathogen
Definition
a disease-causing agent
Term
germ theory of disease
Definition
idea that infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms, or germs
Term
Koch's postulates
Definition
a series of guidelines used to identify the microorganism that causes a specific disease
Term
vector
Definition
animal that carries disease-causing agents from person to person
Term
antibiotic
Definition
compound that blocks the growth and reproduction of bacteria
Term
immunity
Definition
ability of the body to resist a specific pathogen
Term
inflammatory response
Definition
nonspecific defense reaction to tissue damage caused by injury or infection
Term
fever
Definition
elevated body temperature that occurs in response to infection
Term
interferon
Definition
one of a group of proteins that help cells resist viral infection
Term
immune response
Definition
the body's specific defenses that attack a disease-causing agent
Term
antigen
Definition
substance that triggers an immune response
Term
humoral immunity
Definition
immunity against antigens and pathogens in the body fluids
Term
cell-mediated immunity
Definition
immunity against abnormal cells and pathogens inside living cells
Term
antibody
Definition
protein that helps destroy pathogens
Term
vaccination
Definition
injection of a weakened or mild form of a pathogen to produce immunity
Term
active immunity
Definition
immunity produced by exposure to an antigen, as a result of the immune response
Term
passive immunity
Definition
short-term immunity caused when antibodies produced by other animals for a pathogen are injected into the body
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