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Definition
| - an enzyme in saliva that hydrolyzes starch and glycogen into smaller polysaccharides and the disaccharide maltose |
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Definition
| the non crystallizable form of starch, consists of non polysaccharide chains |
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Definition
| a sugar (monosaccharide) or one of its dimmers (disaccharides) or polymers (polysaccharides) |
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Definition
| - a structural polysaccharide of plant cell walls, consisting of glucose monomers joined by B glycosidic linkages |
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Definition
| - a steroid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids, such as hormones |
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Term
| Condensation reaction (also called dehydration reaction) |
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Definition
| - a reaction in which 2 molecules become covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a small molecule, usually water, in which case it is also called dehydration reaction |
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Definition
| - a double sugar, consisting of 2 monosaccharide’s joined by a glycosidic linkage formed during dehydration synthesis |
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Definition
| a type of structure (look it up) slide 14 |
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Definition
| - a lipid consisting of 3 fatty acids linked to 1 glycerol molecule, also called a triacylglycerol or triglyceride |
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Term
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Definition
| - a long carbon chain carboxylic acid. They vary in length and in the number and location of double bonds; 3 fatty acids linked to glycerol molecule form a fat molecule |
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Term
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Definition
| is a three-carbon alcohol with a hydroxyl group attached to each carbon |
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Term
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Definition
| - an extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscles of animals, the animal equivalent of starch |
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Definition
| - a covalent bond formed between 2 monosaccharide’s by a dehydration reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| - a chemical process that lyses, or splits, molecules by the addition of water, functioning in disassembly of polymers to monomers |
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Term
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Definition
| - one of a group of compounds, including fats, phospholipids, and steroids, that mix poorly, if at all with water |
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Term
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Definition
| - a giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules, usually by a condensation reaction. Polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids are macromolecules |
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Definition
| Hydrophobic interior for dissolving hydrophobic dirt, grease, and grime (structure) look at slide17 |
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Definition
| the subunit that serves as the building block of a polymer |
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Term
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Definition
| - the simplest carbohydrate, active alone or serving as a monomer for disaccharides and polysaccharides. Also known as simple sugars, they have molecular formulas that are generally some multiple of CH2O |
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Term
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Definition
| - a polymer (polynucleotide) consisting of may nucleotide monomers; serves as a blue print for proteins and, through the actions of proteins, for all cellular activities. The 2 types are DNA and RNA |
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Term
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Definition
| - a lipid made up of glycerol joined to 2 fatty acids and a phosphate group. The hydrocarbon chains of the fatty acids act as a non-polar, hydrophobic tail, while the rest of the molecule acts as a polar, hydrophilic head. The form bilayers |
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Definition
| - function as biological membranes |
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Term
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Definition
| - a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together |
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Definition
| - a polymer of up to over a thousand monosaccharides, formed by dehydration reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| - a steroid hormone that prepares the uterus for pregnancy, the major progestin in mammals |
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Term
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Definition
| - a functional biological molecule consisting of one or more polypeptides folded and coiled into a specific three-dimensional structure |
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Term
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Definition
| - a fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds, thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that are attached to the carbon skeleton |
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Term
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Definition
| - a storage polysaccharide in plants, consisting entirely of glucose monomers joined by a glycosidic linkages |
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Term
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Definition
| - a type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of 4 rings with various chemical groups attached |
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Term
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Definition
| - a steroid hormone required for development of the male reproductive system, spermatogenesis, and male secondary sex characteristics; the major androgen in mammals |
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Term
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Definition
| - 3 fatty acids linked to one glycerol molecule; also called a fat or a triglyceride |
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Term
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Definition
| - a fatty acid possessing one or more double bonds between the carbons in the hydrocarbon tail. Such bonding reduces the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skelton |
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