Term
| What was the Renaissance? |
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Definition
| The movement which began in Southern Italy in the 1300's and sought to revive the art and traditions of ancient Greece and Rome |
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Term
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Definition
| A powerful family from Florence, Italy who sent artists and writers to monasteries and private libraries to search for classical Greek and Roman manuscripts. |
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Term
| What does Renaissance mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were the Protestants? |
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Definition
| A group of people who disagreed with the corruption in the Catholic church and wanted to break away from it |
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Term
| What was the Protestant Reformation? |
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Definition
| A movement against the domination of the Catholic Church |
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Term
| What was the most important outcome of the Protestant Reformation? |
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Definition
| Europe was split into two groups; Catholics and Protestants |
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Term
| In which regions of Europe were the two religious groups mainly located? |
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Definition
Northern = Protestant
Southern, western and eastern = Catholic |
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Term
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Definition
| A Catholic monk who wrote the 95 Theses protesting the Catholic church, starting the Protestant Reformation. |
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Term
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Definition
| A Frenchman who was part of the Protestant Reformation. His followers were called Huguenots, Prebyterians and Puritans. |
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Term
| What important things did Martin Luther do? |
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Definition
1. He started the Protestant Reformation
2. He wrote the 95 Theses
3. He translated The Bible into German |
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Term
| Who was Johannes Gutenberg? |
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Definition
| The inventer of the printer press |
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Term
| Why was Gutenberg so important to the Reformation? |
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Definition
| Books, especially The Bible became available many people in their own language. Before that they were only available to the church and the very wealthy. |
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Term
| What advice did Noccolo Machiavelli give to rulers? |
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Definition
| He advised them to use whatever means necessary to achieve their goals. He said, "It is much safer to be feared than to be loved." |
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Term
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Definition
| He was King of France from 1643-1715 |
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Term
| What important things did Louis XIV do? |
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Definition
1. He developed the concept of the "state"
2. He emphasized a strong "central" government. He was the center and he delegated tasks to ministries or departments. |
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Term
| What was a "state" under Louis XIV? |
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Definition
| Land with borders, a fixed population, and a government that rules the land and people. |
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Term
| What is an Absolute Monarch? |
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Definition
| A ruler with complete power |
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Term
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Definition
| A belief that one's own country or national group is the best in the world |
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Term
| What was Prince Henry of Portugal called? Why? |
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Definition
| He was called "the Navigator". He started a school to teach new navigation and sailing techniques. |
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Term
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Definition
| An interest or concern for earthly things |
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Term
| What was the "Age of Exploration"? |
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Definition
| The years 1450 - 1750 when European kings became interested in exploring to find riches in other lands |
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Term
| Which countries led the way in colonizing the America's? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was Ferdinand Magellan? |
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Definition
| An explorer from Spain who led the first group of Europeans to sail around the world |
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Term
| Why was Christopher Columbus so determined to said westerward across the Atlantic? |
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Definition
| He wanted to establish sea trade with India and he believed there was a faster route across the Atlantic. |
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Term
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Definition
| Officials appointed by Spanish and Portuguese kings to rule colonies. They enforced the king's laws. |
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Term
| How had Europe changed by the 1890's? (400 years after Columbus' voyages to the Americas) |
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Definition
1. Once small monarchies such as England and France had become power nations.
2. Their populations numbered in the millions
3. They build huge industries and large armies and navies
4. They had the power to change the world |
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Term
| Which continent was almost completely ruled by Europe by the late 1800's? |
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Definition
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