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| a braodly shared way of thinking about political and economic life that reflects fundamental assumptions about how government should operate. |
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| fundamental assumptions about how the political process should operate that distinguish citizens by reigion, religion, or other characteristics. |
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| a more or less consistent set of views as to the policies governemtn ought to pursue. |
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| a belief that one has an obligation to participate in civic and political affairs |
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| a belief that one can affect government policies |
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| a belief in the importance of hard work and personal achievement. |
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| an awareness of belonging to a particular socioeconomic class whose interests are different from those of others. Usually used in refrence to workers who view their interests as opposite those of managers and business owners. |
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| people who believe that moral rules are derived from the commands of God or the laws of nature; these commands and laws are relatively clear, unchanging, and independent of individual moral preferences. They are likely to believe that traditional morality is more important than individual liberty and should be enforced by government and communal norms. |
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| a person who believes that moral rules are derved in part from an indidivuals beliefs and cirumstances of modern life. Progressives are likely to favor government tolerance and protection of individual choice |
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| a citizen's belief that he or she can udnerstand and influence political affairs. This sense is divided into two parts--internal and external. |
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| confidence in a citizen's own abilities to understand and take part in political affairs |
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| a belief that the system will respond to a citizen's demands |
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| colloquial term for average citizens and what they want or believe |
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| a phrase coined by Joseph Kraft in a 1968 newspaper column to refer to Americans who have moved out of poverty but are not affluent and who cherish traditional middle-class values |
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| a phrase used to describe people, whatever their economic status, who uphold traditional values, especially against teh counterculuture of the 1960s. |
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| a measure of one's social standing obtained by combining factors such as education, income, and occupation. |
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| the moral teachings of religious institutions on religious, social, and economic issues |
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| differences in the political views and voting behavior of men and women |
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| a survey of public opinion |
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| a sample selcted in such a way that any member of the population being surveyed (eg all adujlts or voters) has an equal chance of being interviewed |
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| in general, a person who favors a more active federal government for regulating business, supporting social welfare, and protecting minority rights, but who prefers less regulation of private social conduc |
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| in general a person who favors more limited and local government, less government regulation of markets, more social confomity to traditional norms and values, and tougher policies toward criminals |
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| a more or less consistent set of views as to the policies government ought to pursue |
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| the difference between the results of two surveys or samples. For example, if one random sample shows that 60 percent of all Americans like cats and another andom sample taken at the same time shows that 65 percent do, the sampling error is 5 percent. |
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| people who wish to maximize personal liberty on both economic and social issues. They prefer a small, weak government that has little control over either the economy or the personal lives of citizens |
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| people who hold liberal views on economic matters and conservative ones on social matters. They prefer a strong government that will reduce economic inequality, regulate businesses, and impose stricter social and criminal sanctions. The name and views have thier origins in an agriculturally based social movement and party of the 1880s and 1890s that sought to curb the power of influential economic intersts. |
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| an identifiable group of persons who possess a disproportionate share of some valued resource-such as money or political power. |
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| a standard of right or proper conduct that helps determine the range of acceptable social behavior and policy options |
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| the citizens who are eligible to vote after reaching a minimum age requirement. In the US a citizen must be at least 18 years old in order to vote. |
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| people who are registered to vote. While almost all adult American citizens are theoretically eligible to vote, only those who have completed a registration form by the required date may do so. |
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| a bill passed by Congress in 1993 to make it easier for Americans to register to vote. The law, which went into effect in 1995, requires states to allow voter registration by mail, when one applies for a driver's license, and at state offices that serve the disabled or poor. |
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| a requirement that citizens pass a literacy test in order to register to vote. It was established by man states to prevent former slaves (most of whom were illiterate) from voting. Illiterate whites were allowed to vote by a "grandfather clause" added to the law saying that a person could vote, even though he did not meet the legal requirements, if he or his ancestors voted before 1867. |
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| a requirement that citizens pay a tax in order to reigster to vote. it was adopted by man states to prevent former slaves (most of whom were poor) from voting. It is now unconstitutional. |
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| a clause added to registration laws allowing people who did not meet registration requirements to vote if they or their ancestors had voted before 1867 (before African Americans were allowed to vote). This was to exempt poor and illiterate whites from registration requirements established to keep former slaves from voting. The Supreme Court declared the practice unconstitutional in 1915. |
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| the practice of keeping African Americans from voting in primary elections (at the time, the only meaningful election in the one-party South was the Democratic primary) through arbitrary implementation of registration requirements and intimidation. Such practices were declared unconstitutional in 1944. |
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| a government-printed ballot of uniform size and shape to be cast in secret that was adopted by many stated around 1890 in order to reduce the voting fraud associated with party-pritned ballots cast in public |
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| individuals, usually outside of government, who actively promote a political party, philosophy, or issue they care about |
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| a persistent word in our vocabulary that indicates Americans are bound by common values and hopes |
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| the awareness of belonging to a particular socioeconomic group whose interests are different from those of others |
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| two cultural classes in America battle over values:Orthodox vs progressives |
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| the condition in which people, although not guaranteed equal rewards, expect to have comparable chances to compete for those rewards |
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| individualism view; Americans care more about equality of opportunity |
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| those who both vote in elections and get involved in campaigns |
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| those who cast ballots in elections but engage in no other form of political participation |
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| those who stay out of electoral contests and community organizations but will contact officials to deal with specific problems |
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| those who join organizations and participate in politics but not in partisan campaigns |
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| those who take part in all forms of political activity |
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| legislation that made it illegal to exclude potential voters on the basis of race |
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| those who avoid all forms of political participation (20% of american population) |
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| legislation that extended suffrage to women |
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| legislation that gave 18-21 year olds the right to vote in US elections |
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| Voting Rights act of 1965 |
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| legislation that gave 18-21 year olds the right to vote in federal elections |
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| SES (socioeconomic status) |
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| one who is conservative on both economic and social conduct issues |
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