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Chapter 3 Vocabulary: 1
AP Psychology
29
Psychology
10th Grade
09/23/2012

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Term
Absolute Refractory Period
Definition
The minimum length of time after an action potential during which another action potential
cannot begin.
Term
Absolute Threshold
Definition
The minimum amount of stimulation that an organism can detect for a specific type of sensory input.
Term
Accommodation
Definition
Changing existing mental structures to explain new experiences.
Term
Adaptation
Definition
An inherited characteristic that increased in a population (through natural selection) because it helped solve a problem of survival or reproduction during the time it emerged.
Term
Additive color mixing
Definition
Formation of colors by superimposing lights, putting more light in the mixture than exists in any one light by itself.
Term
Afterimage
Definition
A visual image that persists after a stimulus is removed.
Term
Attitudes
Definition
Orientations that locate objects of thought on dimensions of judgment.
Term
Auditory Localization
Definition
Locating the source of a sound in space.
Term
Basilar Membrane
Definition
A structure that runs the length of the cochlea in the inner ear and holds the auditory receptors, called hair cells.
Term
Binocular Depth Cues
Definition
Clues about distance based on the differing views of the two eyes.
Term
Bottom-up Processing
Definition
In form perception, progression from individual elements to the whole.
Term
Cochlea
Definition
The fluid-filled, coiled tunnel in the inner ear that contains the receptors for hearing.
Term
Color Blindness
Definition
Deficiency in the ability to distinguish among colors.
Term
Comparitors
Definition
People, objects, events, and other standards that are used as a baseline for comparisons in making judgments.
Term
Complementary Colors
Definition
Pairs of colors that produce gray tones when added together.
Term
Cones
Definition
Specialized visual receptors that play a key role in daylight vision and color vision.
Term
Convergence
Definition
A cue to depth that involves sensing the eyes converging toward each other as they focus on closer objects.
Term
Dark Adaptation
Definition
The process in which the eyes become more sensitive to light in low illumination.
Term
Depth Perception
Definition
Interpretation of visual cues that indicate how near or far away objects are.
Term
Distal Stimuli
Definition
Stimuli that lie in the distance (that is, in the world outside the body).
Term
Door-in-the-face Technique
Definition
Making a large request that is likely to be turned down as a way to increase the chances
that people will agree to a smaller request later.
Term
Electroencephalograph (EEG)
Definition
A device that monitors the electrical activity of the brain over time by means of recording electrodes attached to the surface of the scalp.
Term
Endorphins
Definition
The entire family of internally produced chemicals that resemble opiates in structure and effects.
Term
Farsightedness
Definition
A vision deficiency in which distant objects are seen clearly but close objects appear blurry.
Term
Feature Analysis
Definition
The process of detecting specific elements in visual input and assembling them into a more complex form.
Term
Feature Detectors
Definition
Neurons that respond selectively to very specific features of more complex stimuli.
Term
Fechner's Law
Definition
A psychophysical law stating that larger and larger increases in stimulus intensity are required to produce perceptible increments in the magnitude of sensation.
Term
Fovea
Definition
A tiny spot in the center of the retina that contains only cones; visual acuity is greatest at this spot.
Term
Frequency Theory
Definition
The theory that perception of pitch corresponds to the rate, or frequency, at which the entire basilar membrane vibrates.
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