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Definition
| the tough,fibrous, tissue that forms the outermost covering of the bone |
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Definition
| the dense, hard, and very strong bone that forms the protective outer layer of bones |
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| Spongy Bone or Cancellous Bone |
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Definition
| lighter and not as strong as compact bone; usually found at the ends and inner portions of long bones. |
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Definition
| the central cavity located in the shaft of long bones where it is surrounded by compact bone; red and yellow bone marrow stored here |
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Definition
| the tissue that lines the medullary cavity |
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Definition
| located within spongy bone; a hemopoietic tissue that manufactures red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and thrombocytes |
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Definition
| a fat storage area; composed mainly of fat cells and is located in the medullary cavity of long bones |
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Definition
| the smooth, rubbery, blue-white connective tissue that acts as a shock absorber between bones; also makes up the more elastic parts of the body like the ear and the nose |
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Definition
| covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints; makes smooth joint movement possible and protects the bones from rubbing up against each other |
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Definition
| the curved fibrous cartilage found in some joints Ex: the knee |
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| the wider ends of the long bones such as the femurs of the legs; each epiphysis is covered with articular cartilage to protect it |
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Definition
| an opening in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass |
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Definition
| allow only slight movement and consist of bones connected entirely by cartilage |
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Definition
| allows some movement to allow childbirth; located between the pubic bones in the anterior of the pelvis |
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Definition
created where to bones articulate (come together) to permit a variety of motions
1. Ball and Socket Joints
2.Hinge Joints |
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Definition
| the outermost layer of strong fibrous tissue that resembles a sleeve as it surrounds the joint |
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Definition
| lines the capsule and secretes synovial fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| flows within the synovial cavity, acts as a lubricant to make the smooth movement of the joint possible |
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Definition
| bands of fibrous tissue that form joints by connecting one bone to another bone by joining a bone to cartilage |
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Definition
| a fibrous sac that acts as a cushion to ease movement in areas that are subject to friction, such as in the shoulder, elbow, and knee joints where a tendon passes over a bone |
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Definition
protects the major organs of the nervous, respiratory, and circulatory systems. Consists of 80 bones organized into five parts:
1. Bones of the Skull
2. Ossicles of the middle ear
3. the hyoid bone
4. the rib cage
5. the vertebral column |
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Definition
makes body movement possible and also protects the organs of digestion, excretion, and reproduction. Consist of 126 bones that are organized into:
1. Upper extremities (anything on the arm)
2. Lower extremities (anything on the legs) |
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Definition
| consists of 8 bones that form the cranium, 18 es that form the face, and 6 bones in the middle ear. |
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Definition
| the anterior portion of the cranium that forms the forehead. Houses the frontal sinuses and forms the roof of the ethmoid sinuses, the nose and part of the socket that protects the eyeball |
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Definition
| two of the largest bones of the skull. Form the roof and upper sides of the cranium |
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Definition
| forms the back part of the skull and the base of the cranium |
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Definition
| two; forms the sides and base of the cranium |
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Definition
| the opening of the external auditory canal of the outer ear. Located within the temporal bone on each side of the skull |
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Definition
| an irregular, wedge-shaped bone at the base of the skull; helps form the base of the cranium, the sides of the skull, and the floors and sides of the sockets |
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Definition
| a light, spongy bone located at the roof and sides of the nose; separates the nasal cavity from the brain, also forms a portion of each orbit |
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Definition
| three tiny bones located in each middle ear |
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Definition
| form the upper part of the bridge of the nose |
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Definition
| Cheekbones; articulate with the frontal bone that makes up the forehead |
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Definition
| form most of the upper jaw; also known as Maxillae |
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Definition
| two; form the anterior part of the hard palate of the mouth and the floor of the nose |
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Definition
| two; make up part of the orbit at the inner angle |
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Definition
| the thin scroll-like bones that form part of the interior of the nose |
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Definition
| forms the base of the nasal septum; nasal septum is the cartilage wall that divides the two nasal cavities |
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Definition
| Jawbone; only movable bone of the skull; attached to the skull at the temporomandibular joint |
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Definition
| joint that connects the mandible to the skull |
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Definition
| Rib Cage; bony structure that protects the heart and lungs. consists of the ribs, sternum, and upper portion of the spinal column extending from the neck to the diaphragm, but not including the arms |
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Definition
| 12 pairs; attach posteriorly to the thoracic vertebrae |
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Definition
Breast Bone;a flat, dagger-shaped bone located in the middle of the chest. by joining with the rib cage. Divided into three parts:
1.Manubrium
2.Body of the sternum
3.Xiphoid Process |
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Definition
| the bony structure that forms the upper portion of the sternum |
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Definition
| the bony structure that forms the middle portion of the sternum |
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Definition
| the structure made of cartilage that forms the lower portion of the sternum |
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| formed by the shoulders; supports the arms and hands |
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Definition
| Collar Bone; a slender bone that connects the manubrium of the sternum to the scapula |
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Definition
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Definition
| an extension of the scapula that forms the high point of the shoulder |
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Definition
| the bone of the upper arm |
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Definition
| the bone of the upper arm |
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Definition
| the smaller and shorter bone in the forearm; runs up the thumbside |
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Definition
| the larger and longer bone of the forearm; connects with the humerus to form the elbow |
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Definition
| Funny Bone; a large projection on the upper end of the ulna |
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Definition
| Eight of them; form the wrist; also form the carpal tunnel through which the median nerve and tendons of the fingers pass through |
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Definition
| five of them; form the palm of the hand |
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Definition
| 14 bones; form the fingers; each finger has three bones while the thumb has two bones |
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Definition
| Vertebral Column; protects the spinal cord and supports the head and body; consist of 26 vertebrae (bones of the spine) |
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Definition
| Posterior portion of the vertebra; |
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Definition
| Made of cartilage; separate and cushion the vertebrae from each other; also act as shock absorbers |
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Definition
| the first set of 7 vertebrae; form the neck; C1-C7 |
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Definition
Form the second set of 12 vertebrae
T1-T12 each vertebra has a pair of ribs attached to it and form the outward curve of the spine |
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Definition
| the third set of 5 vertebrae; form the inward curve of the lower spine; largest and strongest; they bear most of the body's weight |
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Definition
| the slightly curved, triangular-shaped bone near the base of the spine that forms the lower portion of the back |
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Definition
| Tail Bone; forms the end of the spine; 4 small vertebrae that are fused together |
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Definition
| protects internal organs and supports the lower extremities; Pelvis or hips |
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Definition
| the broad blade-shaped bone that forms the back and sides of the pubic bones |
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Definition
| the slightly movable articulation between the sacrum and the posterior portion of the ilium |
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Definition
| forms the lower posterior portion of the pubic bone, bears the weight of the body when sitting |
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Term
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Definition
| forms the anterior portion of the pubic bone, located just below the urinary bladder |
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Term
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Definition
| the ilium, ischium, and pubis |
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Term
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Definition
| the ilium, ischium, and pubis |
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Definition
| the cartilaginous joint that unites the left and right pubic bones |
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Definition
| Hip Socket; the large circular cavity in each side of the pelvis that articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint |
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Definition
| Largest bones in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| Kneecap; the bony anterior portion of the knee |
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Term
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Definition
| the posterior space behind the knee where the ligaments, vessels, and muscles related to this joint are located |
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Definition
| make possible the movements of the knee |
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Definition
| Shin Bone; the larger anterior weight-bearing bone of the lower leg |
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Definition
| the smaller of the two bones of the lower leg |
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Definition
| the joints that connect the lower leg and foot and makes necessary movements possible |
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Definition
| The 7 short bones that make up the ankle |
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Definition
| a rounded bony projection on the tibia and fibula on the sides of each ankle joint |
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Definition
| the ankle bone that articulates with the tibia and the fibula |
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Definition
| Heel Bone; the largest of the tarsal bones |
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Definition
| five; form the part of the foot to which the toes are attached |
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Definition
| the bones of the toes or fingers 3 bones in each finger, two in each thumb; 3 bones in toes, 2 bones in the big toe |
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Term
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Definition
| holds a Doctor of Chiropractic (DC) degree and specializes in the manipulative treatment of disorders originating from misalignment of the spine |
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Term
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Definition
| a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders involving the bones, joints, and muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| Holds a Doctor of Osteopathy and uses traditional forms of medical treatment in addition to specializing in treating health problems by spinal manipulation |
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Term
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Definition
| Holds a Doctor of Osteopathy and uses traditional forms of medical treatment in addition to specializing in treating health problems by spinal manipulation |
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Term
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Definition
| Holds a Doctor of Podiatry (DP) or Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM) degree and specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the foot. |
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Term
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Definition
| a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of arthritis and disorders such as osteoporosis, fibromyalgia, and tendinitis that are characterized by inflammation in the joints and connective tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of arthritis and disorders such as osteoporosis, fibromyalgia, and tendinitis that are characterized by inflammation in the joints and connective tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| degenerative joint disease; hypertrophy of bone and make osteophytes occur |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a type of arthritis characterized by deposits of uric acid in the joints |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of arthritis characterized by deposits of uric acid in the joints |
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Term
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Definition
| a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked |
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Term
| Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis |
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Definition
| an autoimmune disorder that affects children ages 16 years or less with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, and fatigue |
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Term
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Definition
| Slipped or Ruptured Disk; the breaking apart of an invertebral disk that results in pressure on spinal nerve roots |
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Definition
| Low Back Pain, pain of the lumbar region of the spine |
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Definition
| a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it |
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Definition
| a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it |
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Definition
| an abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side |
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Term
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Definition
| an abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine |
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Term
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Definition
| an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
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Definition
| a malformation of the skull due to the premature closure of the cranial sutures |
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Definition
| a bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with fibrous tissue. leads to uneven growth, brittleness, and deformity of the affected bones |
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Definition
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Definition
| unknown cause; characterized by the excessive breakdown of bone tissue, followed by abnormal bone formation |
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Definition
| a deficiency disease occurring in children. defective bone growth due to a vitamin D deficiency |
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Definition
| a condition resulting from the failure of the bones of the legs and arms to grow to the appropriate size compared to the rest of the body |
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Definition
| Clubfoot; any congenital deformity of the foot involving the talus |
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Definition
| relatively rare malignant tumor that originates in a bone |
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Definition
| describes tumors that have metastasized (spread) to bones from other organs such as the breasts and lungs |
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Definition
| Vertebral Crush Fracture; occurs when the bone is pressed together on itself. results in pain, loss of height, and the development of the spinal curvature known as Dowager's hump. |
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Definition
| Fractured Wrist; named for the Irish surgeon Abraham Colles;occurs at the lower end of the radius when a person tries to stop a fall with his or her hands |
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Term
| Osteoporotic Hip Fracture |
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Definition
| Broken Hip; can occur spontaneously or as the result of a fall |
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Definition
| Broken Bone; described in terms of its complexity |
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Definition
| Simple Fracture or Complete Fracture; Bone is broken but there is no open wound in the skin |
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Definition
| Compound Fracture; Bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin |
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Definition
| Bone is crushed or splintered |
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Definition
| Bone is bent and partially broken |
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Definition
| occurs at an angle across the bone |
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Definition
| occurs when a weakened bone breaks under normal strain |
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Definition
| Bone has been twisted apart |
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Definition
| occurs from overusage; small crack that forms from excessive impact |
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Definition
| can form when a bone is broken and fat cells from yellow bone marrow are released into the blood |
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Definition
| Crepitus; the grating sounds heard when the ends of a broken bone move together |
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Definition
| a bulging deposit around the area of the break |
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Definition
| X-ray; Uses x-radiation to visualize bone fractures and other abnormalties |
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Term
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Definition
| a diagnostic test that may be necessary after abnormal types or numbers of red or white blood cells are found in a complete blood count test |
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Definition
| the use of a syringe to withdraw the liquid bone marrow |
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Term
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) |
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Definition
| used to image soft tissue structures such as the interior of complex joints |
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Definition
| Used to determine losses or changes in bone density |
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Term
| Ultrasonic Bone Density Testing |
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Definition
| a screening test for osteoporosis or other conditions that cause a loss of bone mass; sound waves used to take measurements of the calcaneus (heel) bone |
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| Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry |
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Definition
| a low-exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips to measure be density |
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Term
| Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT)` |
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Definition
| used to treat certain types of cancers which affect bone marrow |
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Term
| Allogenic Bone Marrow Transplant |
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Definition
| uses healthy bone marrow cells from a compatible donor, often a sibling. unless perfect match recipient's body might reject the the transplant |
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Term
| Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant |
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Definition
| the patient receives his own bone marrow cells, which have been harvested, cleansed, treated, and stored before the remaining bone marrow in the patient's body is destroyed |
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Definition
| originating within an individual |
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Definition
| a mechanical appliance, that is specially designed to control, correct, or compensate for impaired limb function |
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Definition
| a substitute for a diseased or missing body part |
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Definition
| Surgical Ankylosis; the surgical fusion of two bone to stiffen a joint, such as an ankle, elbow, or shoulder |
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Term
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Definition
| the surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint |
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Definition
| a minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of the interior of a joint |
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Definition
| injections used to add a preparation of hyaluronic acid and related compounds to a joint, easing friction and making movement easier |
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Term
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Definition
| all of the parts of the knee were replaced |
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Term
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Definition
| a procedure n which only part of the knee is replaced |
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Term
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Definition
| Total Hip Arthroplasty; performed to restore a damaged hip to full functionality |
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Definition
| an alternative to removing the head of the femur; places a metal cap over the head of the femur to restore functionality to the hip |
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Definition
| the replacement of a worn or failed implant |
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Definition
| performed to treat a herniated intervertebral disk. |
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Term
| Percutaneous Vertebroplasty |
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Definition
| performed to treat osteoporosis- related compression fractures |
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Definition
| a technique used to immobilize part of the spine by fusing two or more vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| Manipulation; the attempted realignment of the bone involved in a fracture or joint dislocation |
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Term
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Definition
| Stabilization; the act of holding, suturing, or fastening the bone in a fixed position with strapping or a cast |
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Definition
| a pulling force exerted on a limb in a distal direction in an effort to return the bone or joint to normal alignment |
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Definition
| a fracture treatment procedure in which pins are placed through the soft tissues and bone so that a external appliance can be used to hold the pieces of the bone firmly in place during healing |
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Term
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Definition
| Open Reduction Internal Fixation; a fracture treatment in which a plate or pins are placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces in place |
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