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Chapter 3 vocab
ch 3 flashcards
36
Environmental Studies
12th Grade
10/05/2012

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Term
NUCLEUS
Definition
Central core of an atom that contains protons and nuetrons.
Term
MATTER
Definition
All material in the universe that has mas and takes up space.
Term
MOLECULE
Definition

A combination of 2 or more atoms of the same types or of different types joined by covalent bonds.

Term
COMPOUND
Definition

A substance composed of atoms of two or more different elements.

 

Term
HYDROCARBONS
Definition
Organic compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon.
Term
SOLUTION
Definition
A mixture in which all the ingredients are evenly distributed.
Term
MACROMOLECULES
Definition
Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and other large sized molecules.
Term
PROTEINS
Definition
Organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Used for muscle and tissue support.
Term
NUCLEIC ACIDS
Definition
Macromolecules that direct protein production.
Term
CARBOHYDRATES
Definition
Polymers that consist of atoms of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.
Term
LIPIDS
Definition
A chemically diverse group of macromolecules that are classified together because they don't dissolve in water.
Term
pH
Definition
Describes the acidity or alkalinity of a substance.
Term
FEEDBACK LOOP
Definition
When an event is both a cause, or input and an effect, or output.
Term
EROSION
Definition
The removal of soil by wind, water, ice, or gravity.
Term
CRUST
Definition
Thin layer of relatively cool rock that forms the earth's outer layer on dry land and on the ocean floor.
Term
MANTLE
Definition
A layer of very hot, but mostly solid rock.
Term
CORE
Definition
Center of the earth, made up of outer core, molten iron and nickel, and the inner core, dense ball of solid metal.
Term
Tectonic Plates
Definition
Large plates of lithosphere that rest on top of the asthenosphere.
Term
LANDFORMS
Definition
Features such as mountains, islands, and continents.
Term
DISPOSITION
Definition
The movement of eroded soil or sediments from one place to another.
Term
EVAPORATION
Definition
The conversion of a substance,ie. water, from a liquid into a gas.
Term
TRANSPIRATION
Definition
The release of water vapor by plants through their leaves.
Term
PRECIPITATION
Definition
The return of water to the earth, snow, rain.
Term
CONDENSATION
Definition
The change of a gas back into a liquid.
Term
AQUIFERS
Definition
Large underground reservoirs or storage areas.
Term
GROUNDWATER
Definition
Freshwater found underground.
Term
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER
Definition
Explains why the amount of matter in the environment stay the same as it flows through matter cycles.
Term
NUTRIENTS
Definition
Matter that organisms require for the life process.
Term
BIOCHEMICAL CYCLES
Definition
The complex cycle of nutrients through the environment.
Term
PRIMARY PRODUCERS
Definition
Plants and algae that produce their own food.
Term
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Definition
Plant process of making food by using the sun's energy.
Term
CONSUMER
Definition
Organisms that must eat other organisms to obtain nutrients.
Term
DECOMPOSERS
Definition
Organisms such as bacteria and fungi that break down wastes and dead organisms.
Term
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
Definition
The process by which organisms use oxygen to release the chemical energy of sugars and and release CO2 and water.
Term
EUTROPHICATION
Definition
The process that occurs when large amounts of phosphorus to bodies of water, which causes overgrowth of producers.
Term
NITROGEN FIXATION
Definition
The conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia
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