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Chapter 3 Federalism
South Seattle Commity College, Othman
16
Political Studies
Undergraduate 1
06/29/2015

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Term
Unitary System
Definition
A centralized governmental system in which ultimate governmental authority rests in the hands of the national, or central government.
Term
Confederal System
Definition
A system of a league of independent states, in which the central government created by the league has only limited powers over the states.
Term
Enumerated Powers
Definition
Powers specifically granted to the national government by the Constitional. the first seventeen clauses of Article I, Section 8, specify most of the enumerated or expressed , powers of the national government.
Term
Elastic Clause or Necessary and Proper Clause
Definition
The clause in Article Im, Seciton 8, that grants congress the power to do whatever is necessary to execute its specifically delegated powers.
Term
Police Power
Definition
The authority to legislate for the protection of the health, morals, safety and welfare of the people. In the United States, most police power is reserved to the states.
Term
Concurrent Powers
Definition
Powers held jointly by the national and state governments.
Term
Supremacy Clause
Definition
the constitutional provision that makes the constitution and federal laws superior to all conflicting state and local laws.
Term
Commerce Clause
Definition
The section of the Constitution in which Congress I given the power to regulate trade among the states and with foreign countries.
Term
Dual Federalism
Definition
A model of federalism that looks on national and state governments as co-equal sovereign powers. Neither the state government nor the national government should interfere in the other's sphere.
Term
Cooperative Federalism
Definition
A model of federalism in which the states and the national government cooperate in solving problems.
Term
Devolution
Definition
The transfer of powers from a national or central government to a state or local government.
Term
Categorical Grant
Definition
A federal grant to a state or local government for a specific program or project.
Term
Block Grant
Definition
A federal grant that provides funds to a state or local government for a general functional area, such as criminal justice or mental-health programs.
Term
Fiscal
Definition
Having to do with government revenues and expenditures.
Term
Fiscal Federalism
Definition
A process by which fundraised through taxation or borrowing by one level of government usually the national government) are spent by another level (state or local) .
Term
Federal Mandate
Definition
A requirement in federal legislation that forces states and municipalities to comply with certain rules.
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