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Chapter 3 Babay!
Chapter 3
29
Biology
Undergraduate 1
09/10/2012

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Term
Polar Molecule
Definition
opposite ends have opposite charges
Term
Four of water's traits that facilitate an environment for life are:
Definition
Cohesive behavior
ability to moderate temperature
Expansion upon freezing
Versatility as a solvent
Term
Cohesion
Definition
The phenomenon through which hydrogen bonds hold water together
Ex: Helps water fight gravity in plants
Term
Adhesion
Definition
Attraction between two different substances
ex: Between water and plant cell walls
Term
Surface Tension
Definition
A measure of how hard it is to break the surface of a liquid
Term
Kinetic energy
Definition
energy of motion
Term
Heat
Definition
Measure of total kinetic energy due to molecular motion
Term
Temperature
Definition
intensity of heat due to average kinetic energy in molecules
Term
Calorie (cal)
Definition
the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1 C
Term
kilocalories (kcal)
Definition
1,000 Calories = 1 calorie on food packaging
Term
Joule
Definition
Energy measurement where 1 J=0.239 or 1 cal=4.184 J
Term
Specific heat
Definition
amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 g of that substance to change temp by 1 C
Term
Specific Heat of Water
Definition
1cal/g/C
This is relatively high
Term
High Specific heat of water is a result of
Definition
Hydrogen bonds
Heat is absorbed when H bonds break
Heat is released when H bonds form
Term
Evaporation
Definition
The transformation of a substance from liquid to gas
Term
Heat Vaporization
Definition
the heat a liquid must absorb for 1 g to be converted to gas
Term
Evaporative cooling
Definition
As a liquid evaporates, its remaining surface cools
Term
Solution
Definition
a liquid that is a homogenous mixture of substances
Term
Solvent
Definition
dissolving agent of a solution
Term
solute
Definition
substance that is dissolved
Term
aqueous solution
Definition
a solution in which water is the solvent
Term
Hydrophilic
Definition
a substance that has an affinity to water
Term
hydrophobic
Definition
a substance that does not have an affinity to water
Term
Colloid
Definition
A stable suspension of fine particles in a liquid
Term
Molecular mass
Definition
the sum of all atoms in a molecule
Term
Mole
Definition
6.02 x 10^23 molecules
Term
Hydrogen Ion (H+)
Definition
When a hydrogen leaves its electron behind, leaving only a proton
Term
Acid
Definition
any substance that increases the H+ concentration of a solution
Term
Base
Definition
any substance that reduces the H+ concentration in a solution
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