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Definition
| Is the study of how food nourishes the body. |
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| Are specific biochemical substances used by the body for growth, development, activity, reproduction, lactation, health maintenance, and recovery from illness or injury. |
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| Energy in the diet is measured in Kilocalories aka calories. |
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| Is the energy required to carry on the involuntary activities of the body at rest-the energy needed to sustain the metabolic activities of cells and tissues. |
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| established way to measure ideal body weight. It is a ratio of weight to height. |
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| Commonly known as sugars and starches, are organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They serve as the structural frameworkof plants. |
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RDA
Recommended Dietary Allowance |
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Definition
| of essential nutrients refers to recommendations for average daily amouts that healthy population groups should consume over time. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is a vital component of every living cell. |
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Definition
| are insoluble in water and , therfore, insoluble in blood. Also composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. |
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Definition
| the predominant form of fat in food and the major storage form of fat in the body. |
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Definition
| Manufactuered partially hydrogenate liquid oils, they become more solid and more stable. Trans fats raise serum cholesterol. |
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Definition
| is a fatlike substance found only in animal products. It is not an essential nutrient. |
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Definition
| Are organic compounds needed by the body in small amounts. |
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Definition
| Are inorganic elements found in all body fluids and tissues in the form of salts (e.g sodium chloride) or combined with organice compounds (e.g iron in hemoglobin) |
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Term
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Definition
| The GI system breaks down the food into particles small enough to pass into the celss and be used by the cells. Digestion itself begins in the mouth. |
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Term
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Definition
| The digested nutrients are then transferred into the person's ciruclation. |
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Term
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Definition
| An eating disorder characterized by extreme weight loss, muscle wasting, arrested sexual development, refusal to eat, and bizarre eating habits. |
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Term
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Definition
| Another eating disorder characterized by gorging followed by purging with self-induced vomiting, diuretics, and laxatives, also becomes more common in this age group. (adolescents) |
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Term
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Definition
| or the lack of appetite, may be related to systematic and local diseases. |
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Definition
| as the body weight 20% or more above ideal weight or having a BMI of 30 or more. |
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Term
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Definition
| Measurements are used to determine body dimensions. |
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Term
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Definition
(difficulty swallowing or the inability to swallow)
can be the resutls of poor dental health, caner, or neurologic disease, such as stroke, parkinson disease, or dementia, and may reduce the patients nutritional intake. |
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Term
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Definition
| the misdirection of oropharyngeal secretions or gastric contents into the larynx and lower respiratory tract. Often associated with dysphagia. |
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Definition
| contain only foods that are clear liquids at room temperature-gelatin, fat-free broth, bouillon, ice pops, clear juices, carbonated beverages, regular and decaffienated coffee and tea. |
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Term
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Definition
| Contain all the tiems on a clear liquid diet. Additional items allowed include milk and milk drinks, puddings, custards, plain frozen desserts, pasteurized eggs, cereal gruels, vegtable juice, and milk and egg substitutes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Are usually regular diets that have been modified to eliminate foods that are hard to digest and to chew, including those that are high in fiber, high in fat, and highly seasoned. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| administering nutrients directly into the stomach |
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Definition
| Providing nutrition via IV therapy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is inserted through the nose and into the stomach. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is passed through the nose and into the upper portion of the small intestine. It may be indicated for a patient with increased risk for aspiration due to disminished gag reflex or slow gatric motility. |
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Term
Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy
(PEG) |
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Definition
| Placement of a tube into the stomach surgically. Usually used when there is long term issues with the GI tract or complications due to illness. |
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Term
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Definition
| Open or laparoscopically placed tube |
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Term
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Definition
Check for residual before each feeding or every 4-6 hours dueing a continous feeding.
(feeding remaining in the stomach) |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the administration of nutritional support via the intravenous route. Patients who cant meet their nutritional needs by oral or enteral routes may require IV nutrition. |
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Term
Total Parenteral Nutrition
(TPN) |
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Definition
| Is a highly concentrated, hypertonic nutrient solution. TPN provides calories, restores nitrogen balance, and replaces essential fluids, vitamins, electrolytes, minerals, and trace elements. |
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Term
Peripheral Parenteral Nutriton
(PPN) |
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Definition
| Is a less concentrated nutrient solution sometimes prescribed for patients who have a malfunctioning GI tract and need short-term nutrition lasting less than 2 weeks. Administered through a peripheral vein. |
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