Term
| Where are action potentials generated? |
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Definition
| in the axon initial segment |
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Term
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Definition
| decreasing in amplitude while traveling through the neuron |
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Term
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Definition
| when the sum of the depolarizations and hyperpolarizations reaching the axon initial segment at any time is sufficient to depolarize the membrane, thus creating an action potential |
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Term
| How long does an action potential (AP) last? |
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Definition
| approximately one millisecond |
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Term
| What is the all-or-none principle? |
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Definition
| action potentials either happen or they don't. there are no weak action potentials and there are no strong action potentials. either they are, or they're not |
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Term
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Definition
| adding or combining a number of individual signals into one overall signal |
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Term
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Definition
| the transmission of action potentials in myelinated axons |
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Term
| What is the maximum velocity of conduction in human motor neurons? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| synapses at which the site of neurotransmitter release and the site of neurotransmitter reception are in close proximity |
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Term
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Definition
| synapses at which the site of release is at some distance from the site of reception |
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Term
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Definition
| when a neuron contains more than one neurotransmitter |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of releasing a neurotransmitter |
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Term
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Definition
| a neurotransmitter that is created by the addition of an acetyl group to a choline molecule |
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Term
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Definition
| the enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs that facilitate the effects of a particular neurotransmitter |
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Term
| Amino acid neurotransmitters |
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Definition
| a class of small-molecule neurotransmitters, which includes the amino acids: glutamate and GABA |
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Term
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Definition
| the first endogenous endocannabinoid to be discovered and characterized |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs that inhibit the effects of a particular neurotransmitter |
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Term
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Definition
| axonal conduction opposite to the normal direction; conduction from axon terminals back toward the cell body |
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Term
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Definition
| an amino acid neurotransmitter that is a constituent of many of the proteins that we eat |
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Term
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Definition
| a receptor blocker that exerts an antagonistic effect at muscarinic receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of metabotropic receptor located on the presynaptic membrane and sensitive to a neurons own neurotransmitter |
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Term
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Definition
| the segment of the axon where action potentials are generated-located immediately adjacent to the axon hillock |
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Term
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Definition
| tiny nodules of various shapes that are located on the surfaces of many dendrites and are the sites of most excitatory synapses in the mature mammalian brain |
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Term
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Definition
| receptors that are associated with signal proteins and G proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| one of the five classes of neuropeptide transmitters; it consists of those that don't fit into the other four classes |
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Term
| Monoamine neurotransmitters |
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Definition
| small-molecule neurotransmitters that are synthesized from monoamines and comprise two classes: catecholamines and indolamines |
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