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| The direction and intensity of one’s effort |
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| whether an individual seeks out, approaches, or is attracted to certain situations |
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| how much effort a person puts forth in a particular situation |
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| Quantity & quality of motivation |
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Linked with: How athletes think before, during & after their sport experience |
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| motivated behavior is primarily a function of individual characteristics |
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| motivation level is determined primarily by situation |
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| motivation results neither solely from participant factors, such as personality, needs, interests, and goals, nor solely from situational factors, such as a coach’s or teacher’s style or the win-loss record of a team |
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| considers both personal and situational factors as important predictors of behavior |
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| Need Achievement Theory Components (5) |
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1. Personality factors Want to have success and avoid failure 2. Situational factors Probability vs incentive value of success 3. Resultant tendencies High vs low achievers 4. Emotional reactions Pride vs shame 5. Achievement-related behaviors |
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…three factors interact to determine a person’s motivation:
Achievement goals
Perceived ability
Achievement behavior |
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| Competence Motivation Theory |
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…people are motivated to feel worthy or competent,such feelings are the primary determinants of motivation”
Perception of control, in addition to self-worth and competence, influences emotional states that influence motivation |
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| Person’s judgment about his/her capability to successfully perform a particular task |
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| Attribute Success towards |
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| Athletes tend to attribute sport success to controllable, internal & stable causes |
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External regulation -- play for external reward Introjected regulation -- play because feel they have to Identified regulation -- play as a means to an end; do it because they want to but playing itself isn’t something they find enjoyable |
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