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Chapter 3
Vocabulary
27
Science
6th Grade
11/15/2011

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Cards

Term
rills
Definition
tiny grooves in soil caused by runoff from sheet erosion
Term
stream
Definition
channel along which water is continually flowing down a slope
Term
energy
Definition
ability to do work or cause change
Term
flood plain
Definition
flat, wide land along a river
Term
gully
Definition
large groove in soil that carries runoff after a large rainstorm
Term
meander
Definition
loop like bend on a river
Term
oxbow lake
Definition
meander that is cut off from a river
Term
alluvial fan
Definition
wide sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range
Term
delta
Definition
landform created by sediment deposited where a river flows into an ocean or lake
Term
load
Definition
amount of sediment carried by a river
Term
runoff
Definition
water that moves over earth's surface
Term
Features made from river erosion:
Definition
1. River Valleys (V-shaped valleys)
2. Waterfalls
3. Flood Planes
4. Meanders
5. Oxbow Lakes
Term
What does river deposition create?
Definition
alluvial fans and deltas
Term
Three factors that determine sediment load
Definition
1. slope 2. volume of flow 3. stream bed shape
Term
landslide--definition & cause
Definition
When rock & soil SLIDE rapidly down a steep slope.

Caused by cutting into a slope or by an earthquake
Term
slump--definition & cause
Definition
When mass of rock & soil SLIPS.

Caused by water soaking the bottom of soil that is rich in clay.
Term
creep--definition & cause
Definition
A SLOW downhill movement of rock & soil

Caused by freezing & thawing in the rock below
Term
mudflow--definition & cause
Definition
The rapid downhill movement of a mixture of water, rock, & soil.

Occurs after heavy rain in a normally dry area. Can be triggered by an earthquake.
Term
 In the geologic cycle, what are the processes that wear down and build up earth's surface?
Definition
erosion and deposition
Term
 Processes of mass movement - what is the cause of each?
Definition
 
  1. creep- freezing and thawing of water in cracked layers
  2. slump- when water soaks the bottom of soil that is rich in clay
  3. mudflow-earthquakes
  4. landslide- where road builders have cut highways through hills or mountains

 

Term
 What are the major processes of mass movement?
Definition
Creep, slump, landslide, mudslide
Term
What is the force that moves rock and other materials downhill?
Definition

 

gravity

Term
Sediment
Definition

the material moved by erosion

 

Term
Mass Movement
Definition
any one of several processes that moves sediment downhill
Term
Gravity
Definition

the force that moves rock and other materials downhill

 

Term
Erosion
Definition
the process by which natural forces move weathered rock and soil from one place to another
Term
deposition
Definition
occurs where the agents of ersoion deposit or lay down sediment
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