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| Smallest particle of an element, having all the characteristics of that element; the basic building block of matter, consisting of pronts, neutrons, and electrons. |
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| Average of the mass numbers of the isotopes of an element. |
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| Number of protons contained in an atom's nucleus. |
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| Tiny atomic particle with little mass and a negative electrical charge that surrounds the nucleus in energy levels. |
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| Natural of articicial substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means. |
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| Represents the area in an atom where electrons are most likely to occur. |
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| atoms of the same element that have different mass numbers and the same chemical properties |
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| Combinded number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. |
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| Tiny atomic particle that is electrically neutral and has about the same mass as a proton. |
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| Positively charged center of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons nad surrounded by electrons in energy level. |
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| Tiny atomic particle that has mass and a positively eletrical charge. |
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| Spontaneous process of decay, or breaking apart, through which unstable nuclei emit radiation. |
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| Electron in an atom's outermost energy level. |
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| Solution that contains hydrogen ions. |
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| Solution that contains hydroxide ions. |
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| Change of one or more substances into other substances. |
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| Force that holds the atoms of elements together in a compound. |
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| Substance composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined. |
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| Attraction of two atoms for a shared pair of electrons that holds the atoms together. |
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| electrically charged atoms or groups of atoms. |
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| attractive force between two ions with opposite charge. |
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| combination of two or more atoms joined by covalent bonds. |
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| Homogeneous mixture whose components cannot be distinguished and can be classified as liquid, gaseous, solid, or a combination. |
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| Process by which a cooling gas changes into a liquid and releases thermal energy. |
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| Regular geometric pattern of particles in most solids, giving a solid a definite shape and volume. |
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| Vaporization - change of state, involving thermal energy. |
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| Solid that consists of densely packed atoms with a random arrangement and lacks crystals or has crystals that are not visible. |
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| Hot, highly ionized, electrically conducting gas. |
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| Process by which a solid slowly changes to a gas without first entering a liquid state. |
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