Term
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Definition
| The mental system for receiving, encoding, storing, organizing, altering, and retrieving information. |
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Definition
| Converting information into a form in which it will be retained in memory |
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Definition
| Holding information in memory for later use |
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Definition
| Recovering information from storage in memory |
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Definition
| The first stage of memory, which holds an exact record of incoming information for a few seconds or less. |
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Definition
| A mental image or visual representation |
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Definition
| A brief continuation of sensory activity in the auditory system after a sound is heard. |
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Definition
| The memory system used to hold small amounts of information for relatively brief time periods. |
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Term
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Definition
| Another name for Short-term Memory, especially when it is used for thinking and problem solving. |
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Term
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Definition
| The memory system used for relatively permanent storage of meaningful information. |
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Definition
| Meaningful units of information, such as numbers, letters, words, or phrases. |
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Definition
| Information bits grouped into larger units. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reorganizing or modifying information to assist storage in memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Silently repeating or mentally reviewing information to hold it in short-term memory. |
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Definition
| Rehearsal that links new information with existing memories and knowledge. |
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Definition
| Reorganizing or updating memories on the basis of logic, reasoning, or the addition of new information. |
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Term
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Definition
| Use of various cues and strategies to improve the memory of eyewitnesses. |
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Term
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Definition
| A model of memory that views it as an organized system of linked information |
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Term
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Definition
| Memories that are reconstructed or expanded by starting with one memory and then following chains of association to other, related memories. |
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Term
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Definition
| Long-term memories of conditioned responses and learned skills. (driving) |
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Term
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Definition
| That part of long-term memory containing specific factual information. (names, faces, dates) |
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Term
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Definition
| A subpart of Declarative Memory that records impersonal knowledge about the world. (days of the week, simple math skills, seasons) |
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Term
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Definition
| A subpart of Declarative Memory that records personal experiences that are linked with specific times and places. |
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Term
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Definition
| The feeling that a memory is available but not quite retrievable. |
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Term
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Definition
| A feeling that allows people to predict beforehand whether they will be able to remember something. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any task designed to test or assess memory |
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Term
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Definition
| To supply or reproduce memorized information with a minimum of external cues. (word-for-word memory) |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency to make the most errors in remembering the middle items of an ordered list. |
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Term
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Definition
| An ability to correctly identify previously learned information |
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Term
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Definition
| Learning again something that was previously learned. Used to measure memory in prior learning. |
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Term
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Definition
| A memory that a person is aware of having; a memory that is consciously retrieved. |
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Term
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Definition
| A memory that a person does not know exists; a memory that is retrieved unconsciously. |
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Term
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Definition
| Facilitating the retrieval of an implicit memory by using cues to activate hidden memories. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mental images or visual depictions used in memory and thinking |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to retain a "projected" mental image long enough to use it as a source of information. |
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Term
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Definition
| A graph that shows the amount of memorized information remembered after varying lengths of time. |
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Term
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Definition
| Failure to store sufficient information to form a useful memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Physical changes in nerve cells or brain activity that takes place when memories are stored. |
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Term
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Definition
| The fading or weakening of memories assumed to occur when memory traces become weaker |
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Term
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Definition
| Theory that memory traces weaken when memories are not periodically used or retrieved. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any stimulus associated with a particular memory. Memory cues usually enhance retrieval. |
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Term
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Definition
| Memory influenced by one's bodily state at the time of learning and at the time of retrieval. Improved memory occurs when the bodily states match. |
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Definition
| The tendency for new memories to impair the retrieval of older memories and the reverse. |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency for new memories to interfere with the retrieval of old memories |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency for old memories to interfere with the retrieval of newer memories |
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Term
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Definition
| Mastery of one task aids in learning or performing another (Skateboarding helps you learn snowboarding) |
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Definition
| Mastery of one task conflicts with learning or performing another (Pushing a Pull door) |
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Definition
| Unconsciously pushing unwanted memories out of awareness |
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Term
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Definition
| A conscious effort to put something out of mind to keep it from awareness. |
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Term
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Definition
| Memories created at times of high emotion that seem especially vivid. (not always accurate memories) |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which relatively permanent memories are formed in the brain |
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Term
| Electroconductive Shock (ECS) |
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Definition
| An electric current passed directly through the brain, producing a convulsion |
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Term
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Definition
| A brain structure associated with emotion and the transfer of information from short-term memory to long-term memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| A memory trace in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| A practice schedule that alternates study periods with brief rests |
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Term
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Definition
| A practice schedule in which studying continues for long periods, without interruption. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any kind of memory system or aid |
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Term
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Definition
| As an aid to memory, using a familiar word or image to link two items. |
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