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Chapter 33
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42
Biology
10th Grade
05/24/2011

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Term

which of the following distinguishes sponges from other invertebrates

 

a. arent motile in any stage of life cycle

b. obtain nutrients by diffusion rather than ingestion

c. cells arent organized into tissues

d. reproduce only asexually

Definition
c. cells arent organized into tissues
Term

sponges

 

a. are nonsymmetrical

b. lack organization into tissues and organs

c. possess cells that are capable of recognizing other sponge cells

d. all of the above

Definition
d. all of the above
Term

collar cells

 

a. are specialized for reproduction

b. draw water into the body of a sponge

c. produce cytochrome oxidase

d. are parasitic protozoa

Definition
b. draw water into the body of a sponge
Term

spicules are

 

a. flexible protein fibers

b. hard spike- like structures in the wall of a sponge

c. similar to seeds; a complete sponge can grow from each spicule

d. used for taking in food and water

Definition
b. hard spike- like structures in the wall of a sponge
Term

adult sponges

 

a. have body walls with many pores

b. possess true tissues

c. are active swimmers

d. use stinging cells to capture prey

Definition
a. have body walls with many pores
Term

skeletal support in sponges may be provided by

 

a. spicules of calcium carbonate

b. spicules of silicon dioxide

c. fibers called spongin

d. all of the above

Definition
d. all of the above
Term

sponges obtain food

 

a. through photosynthesis

b. by using their spicules to paralyze protozoa

c. by filtering small organisms from the water

d. with their spongin

Definition
c. by filtering small organisms from the water
Term

in sponges, currents that draw water through the organism are created by

 

a. amoebocytes

b. collar cells

c. gemmules

d. spicules

Definition
b. collar cells
Term

the cells that move throughout the sponge's body wall to deliver food to the organism's cells are called

 

a. amoebocytes

b. choanocytes

c. gemmules

d. spicules

Definition
a. amoebocytes
Term

water leaves the interior of a sponge through the

 

a. food vacuoles

b. spicules

c. body wall

d. osculum

Definition
d. osculum
Term

collar cell: water::

 

a. amoebocyte: nutrients and wastes

b. spongin: food

c. spicule: water

d. osculum: mesenchyme

Definition
a. amoebocyte: nutrients and wastes
Term

the gemmules of sponges

 

a. create water currents for feeding

b. are equivalent to the sperm cells of higher animals

c. are equivalent to the egg cells of higher animals

d. are necessary for one form of asexual reproduction

Definition
d. are necessary for one form of asexual reproduction
Term

hermaphroditic organisms

 

a. reproduce only by asexual means

b. produce both eggs and sperm

c. have gemmules that are fertilized by amoebocytes

d. possess only male amoebocytes

Definition
b. produce both eggs and sperm
Term

hermaphrodism is advantageous in sponges because

 

a. they reproduce asexually

b. they have gemmules

c. they are sessile

d. none of the above, sponges aren't hermaphroditic

Definition
c. they are sessile
Term

sponges can reproduce

 

a. by the budding of new sponges from the parent

b. by a breakup of the original parent into fragments that become a new sponge

c. sexually using sperm and eggs

d. all of the above

Definition
d. all of the above
Term

some freshwater sponges: gemmules::

 

a. hermaphrodites: eggs and sperm

b. gemmules: eggs

c. gemmules: sperms

d. amoebocytes: eggs

Definition
a. hermaphrodites: eggs and sperm
Term

many cnidarians have two distinct life stages

 

a. gametophyte and sporophyte

b. polyp and medusa

c. egg and adult

d. egg and larva

Definition
b. polyp and medusa
Term

nematocysts

 

a. contain harpoonlike structures called cnidocytes

b. create water currents in sponges

c. can spear cnidarians prey

d. are found in most predatory ctenophores

Definition
c. can spear cnidarians prey
Term

the cnidarian's inner layer of tissue is specialized for

 

a. digestion

b. reproduction

c. capturing prey

d. all of the above

Definition
a. digestion
Term

the outer cell layer of a cnidarian is the

 

a. ectoderm

b. mesoglea

c. endoderm

d. epidermis

Definition
d. epidermis
Term

which of the following characteristics is only associated with cnidarians

 

a. digestive tract with single opening

b. cnidocytes specialized for defense and capturing prey

c. choanocytes containing nematocysts

d. parasitic life cycle

Definition
b. cnidocytes specialized for defense and capturing prey
Term

sponges: fewer than three body layers::

 

a. ctenophores: no body symmetry

b. sponges: bilateral symmetry

c. cnidarians: nerve net

d. cnidarians: choanocytes

Definition
c. cnidarians: nerve net
Term

the phylum cnidaria includes all of the following except

a. jellyfish

b. squids

c. sea anenomes

d. corals

Definition
b. squids
Term

planula larvae of scyphozoans

 

a. result from fertilization of eggs by sperm

b. swim freely through water

c. settle to the ocean bottom and grow into polyps

d. all of the above

Definition
d. all of the above
Term

the hydra is unique among the hydrozoans because it

 

a. is an active swimmer

b. lives in colonies

c. is strictly a marine species

d. has no medusa stage

Definition
d. has no medusa stage
Term

which of the following isn't sessile as an adult

 

a. sponge

b. coral

c. sea anenome

d. portugese man of war

Definition
d. portugese man of war
Term

sea anenomes are

 

a. medusae

b. polyps

c. larvae

d. eggs

Definition
b. polyps
Term

anthozoans include

 

a. jellyfish

b. hydras

c. portugese man of war

d. sea anenomes and corals

Definition
d. sea anenomes and corals
Term

schyphozoans, such as jellyfish, spend most of their lives as

 

a. polyps

b. medusae

c. corals

d. parasites

Definition
b. medusae
Term

class of cnidarians that typically live only as polyps is

 

a. anthozoa

b. hydrozoa

c. scyphozoa

d. none of the above

Definition
a. anthozoa
Term

which of the following isnt a characteristic of ctenophores

 

a. bioluminesence

b. movement by means of beating cilia

c. use of cnidocytes to capture prey

d. hermaphrodism

Definition
c. use of cnidocytes to capture prey
Term
______ is drawn into a sponge through pores and leaves through the osculum
Definition
water/ food
Term
a network of tough, flexible fibers called ____ provides support in some sponges
Definition
spongin
Term
spike like objects that make up the skeleton of some sponges are called _________
Definition
spicules
Term
food molecules are carried throughout a sponge's body by ________
Definition
amoebocytes
Term

food filled balls of amoebocytes that are involed in asexual reproduction in sponges are called

 

 

Definition
gemmules
Term
an organism that produces both eggs and sperm is called a
Definition
hermaphrodite
Term
a free floating, gelatinous body form of a cnidarian is called a _____ while an attached body form is a ________
Definition
medusae, polyp
Term
cnidarians have two cell layers, the epidermis and the ______
Definition
gastrodermis
Term
a coral is a member of the class ___________
Definition
anthozoa
Term
ctenophores are the largest organisms that move by the beating of __________
Definition
cilia
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