Term
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Definition
| tough, fibrous tissue that forms the outermost covering of bone |
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Term
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Definition
| dense, hard, and very strong bone that forms the protective outer layer of bones |
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Term
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Definition
| lighter, and not as strong, as compact bone. this type of bone is commonly found in the ends and inner portions of long bones such as the femur. (red bone marrow found here) |
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Term
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Definition
| located in the shaft of a long bone and is surrounded by compact bone |
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Term
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Definition
| the tissue that lines the medullary cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| located within the spongy bone, is hemopoietic tissue that manufactures red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and thrombocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the formation of blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| functions as fat storage area, is composed chiefly of fat cells located in the medullary cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| smooth, rubbery, blue-white connective tissue that acts as a shock absorber between bones. (ear, nose) |
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Term
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Definition
| covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints. |
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Term
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Definition
| curved fibrous cartilage found in some joints, such as the knee |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the wide end of the long bone |
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Term
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Definition
| opening in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass |
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Term
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Definition
| normal projection on the surface of a bone that serves as an attachment for muscles tendons |
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Term
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Definition
| place of union between two or more bones. |
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Term
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Definition
| inflexible layers of dense connective tissues, hold bones tightly together |
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Term
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Definition
| normally present on the skull of a newborn |
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Term
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Definition
| allow only slight movements and consist of bones connected entirely by cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| cartilaginous joint known that allows some movement to facilitate birth |
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Term
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Definition
| where two bones articulate to permit a variety of motions. ball and socket, hinge |
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Term
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Definition
| outermost layer of strong fibrous tissue that resembles a sleeve as it surrounds the joint |
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Term
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Definition
| lines the capsule and secretes synovial fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| acts as a lubricant to make the smooth movement of the joint possible |
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Term
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Definition
| bands of fibrous tissue that form joints by connecting one bone to another bone, or bone to cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| fibrous sac that acts as a cushion to ease movement in areas that are subject to friction. (shoulder, elbow, knee) |
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Term
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Definition
| protects the major organs of the nervous, respiratory, and circulatory systems |
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Term
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Definition
| makes body movement possible, protects organs of digestion, excretion, and reproduction |
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Term
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Definition
| 8 bones that form the cranium, 14 bones that form the face, and 6 bones in the middle ear |
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Term
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Definition
| 8 bones that enclose the brain |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| most of the roof and the upper sides of the cranium |
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Term
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Definition
| posterior floor and walls of the cranium |
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Term
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Definition
| form the sides and base of the cranium |
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Term
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Definition
| forms part of the base of the skull, floor, and side of the orbit |
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Term
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Definition
| forms part of the posterior portion of the nose, the orbit, and the floor of the cranium |
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Term
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Definition
| six tiny bones in the middle ear |
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Term
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Definition
| located in the temporal bone on each side of the skull, opening of the external auditory canal of the outer ear |
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Term
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Definition
| form the upper part of the bridge of the nose |
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Term
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Definition
| articulate with the frontal bone (forehead) |
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Term
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Definition
| form must of the upper jaw |
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Term
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Definition
| form part of the hard palate of the mouth and the floor of the nose |
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Term
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Definition
| make up part of the orbit at the inner angle of the eye |
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Term
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Definition
| thin, scroll like bones that form part of the interior of the nose |
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Term
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Definition
| forms the base for the nasal septum |
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Term
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Definition
| jawbone (only movable part of the skull) |
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Term
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Definition
| where the mandible is attached to the skull |
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Term
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Definition
| bony structure that protects the heart and lungs, ribcage |
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Term
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Definition
| attach posteriorly to the thoracic vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| forms the middle front of the ribcage and is divided into three parts |
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Term
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Definition
| tiny bone structure that forms the upper portion of the sternum |
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Term
ribcage
body of the sternum |
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Definition
| bony structure that forms the middle portion of the sternum |
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Term
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Definition
| structure made of cartilage that forms the lower portion of the sternum |
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Term
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Definition
| the shoulders, which protect the arms and hands |
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Term
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Definition
| slender bone that connects the manubrium of the sternum to the scapula |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an extension of the scapula that forms the high point of the shoulder |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the smaller and shorter bone in the forearm |
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Term
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Definition
| the longer bone in the forearm |
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Term
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Definition
| funny bone, large projection on the upper end of the ulna |
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Term
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Definition
| 8 bones that form the wrist |
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Term
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Definition
| 5 bones that frorm the palm of the hand |
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Term
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Definition
| 14 bones of the lower fingers |
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Term
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Definition
| supports the head and body, and protects the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| there are 26, single segments of the spinal column |
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Term
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Definition
| first set of 7 that form the neck C1-C7 |
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Term
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Definition
| make up the second set of 12 vertebrae outward curve of spine, T1-T12 |
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Term
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Definition
| the third set of 5, form the last inward curve of spine, L1-L5 |
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Term
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Definition
| slightly curved, triangular shaped bone near the base of the spine that forms the lower portion of the back |
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Term
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Definition
| forms the end of the spine and is actually made up of four small vertebrae that are fused together |
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Term
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Definition
| which are made of cartilage, seperate and cushion the vertevbrae from eachother |
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Term
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Definition
| protects internal organs and lower extremities, cup shaped ring of bone at the lower end of the trunk |
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Term
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Definition
| broad blade shaped bone looks like an elephant ear sides of pubic bone |
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Term
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Definition
| slightly movable articulation between the sacrum and the posterior portion of the ilium (inner elephant ear) |
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Term
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Definition
| forms the lower posterior portion of the pubic bone, bears the weight of the body when sitting |
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Term
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Definition
| forms the anterior portion of the pubic bone, just below the bladder |
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Term
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Definition
| when the ilium, ischium, and pubis fuse together |
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Term
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Definition
| hip socket, large circular cavity in each side of the pelvis that articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| complex joints make movement possible b/w upper and lower leg |
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Term
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Definition
| bony anterior portion of the knee |
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Term
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Definition
| referring to the posterior space behind the knee where the ligaments, vessels, etc are |
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Term
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Definition
| shaped like a cross, make possible the movements of the knee |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| rounded bony protuberance on each side of the ankle |
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Term
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Definition
| joint between the lower leg and the foot, made up of 7 short tarsal bones (similar to the wrist but larger) |
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Term
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Definition
| anklebone that articulates with the tibia and fibula |
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Term
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Definition
| heel bone, largest of the tarsal bones |
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Term
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Definition
| the part of the foot to which the toes are attached |
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Term
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Definition
| bones of the toes, just like the bones of the fingers |
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Term
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Definition
| specializes in disorders of the misalignment of the spine |
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Term
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Definition
| disorders of the bones, joints, and muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| uses traditional medical treatment along with manipulations of the spine, holds a Dr. degree |
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Term
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Definition
| holds a Dr. degree, disorders of the foot |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| loss or abscence of mobility in a joint due to disease, injury, or a surgical procedure |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| stiffness of the joints, especially in the elderly |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the bursa |
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Term
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Definition
| softening of the cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| bunion, abnormal enlargement of the side of the great toe |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the synovial membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| total displacement of a bone from its joint |
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Term
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Definition
| partial displacement of a bone from its joint |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammatory condition of one or more joints |
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Term
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Definition
| wearing away of the articular cartilage within the joints |
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Term
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Definition
| degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function |
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Term
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Definition
| type of arthritis characterized by deposits of uric acid in the joints |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae |
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Term
| juvenile rheumatoid arthritis |
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Definition
| 16 years or less, autoimmune disorder with symptoms of stiffness, pain, joint swelling etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| the breaking apart of an intervertebral disk that results in pressure on spinal nerve roots |
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Term
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Definition
| pain the the lumbar region of the spine, lower back pain |
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Term
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Definition
| forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertebra or sacrum below it |
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Term
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Definition
| congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal increase in the outward curve of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal increase in the forward curve of the lumbar spine bent backward |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal sideways curve of the spine as seen from the back |
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Term
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Definition
| malformation of the skull due to the premature closure of the cranial structures |
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Term
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Definition
| bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with fibrous tissue |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal softening of bones in adults |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| done disease of an unknown cause, excessive breakdown of bone tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the periosteum |
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Term
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Definition
| defiency disease occuring in children, deficiency in bone growth |
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Term
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Definition
| failure of the bones and limbs to grow to an appropriate length |
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Term
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Definition
| any congenital deformity of the foot involving the talus (ankle) |
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Term
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Definition
| rare malignant tumor that originates in a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| tumors that have spread to the bones from other organs such as the breast and lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| cancer that occurs in blood making cells found in the red bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| benign bony projection covered with cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity |
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Term
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Definition
| thinner than average bone density in a yound person |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when a bone is pressed together on itself |
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Term
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Definition
| fractured wrist, occurs at the lower end of the radius |
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Term
| osteoporotic hip fracture |
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Definition
| caused by the weakening of the bones due to osteoporosis and can occur due to fall or spontaneous, broken hip |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| bone is broken, no open wound in skin |
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Term
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Definition
| bone is broken, skin is broken |
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Term
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Definition
| bone is splintered or crushed into small pieces |
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Term
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Definition
| bone is bent and only partially broken |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs at an angle across the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| when a weakend bone breaks under normal strain |
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Term
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Definition
| bone has been twisted apart |
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Term
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Definition
| an overuse injury, a small crack in the bone from chronic excessive impact |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs straight across the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| when a long bone is fractured and fat cells from yellow bone marrow are released into the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| the grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together |
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Term
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Definition
| buldging deposit around the area of a break |
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Term
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Definition
| use of x-radiation to visualize bone fractures and other abnormalities |
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Term
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Definition
| visual examination of the internal structure of a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| test that may be necessary after abnormal types or numbers of red or white blood cells are found |
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Term
| magnetic resonance imaging |
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Definition
| image soft tissue structures such as the interior of complex joints |
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Term
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Definition
| used to determine losses or changes in bone density |
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Term
| ultrasonic bone density testing |
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Definition
| screening test for osteoporosis or other conditions that cause a loss of bone mass, soundwaves are used to take measurements of the calcenaeous bone (heel), if risks are indicated, further tests |
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Term
| dual x-ray absorptiometry |
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Definition
| low-exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips to measure bone density |
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Term
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Definition
| used to treat certain types of cancer, such as leukemia, that affect bone marrow, healthy bone marrow stem cells are transfused |
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Term
| allogenic bone marrow transplant |
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Definition
| uses healthy bone marrow cells from a compatible donor, often a sibling |
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Term
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Definition
| originating within another |
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Term
| autologous bone marrow transplant |
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Definition
| patient recieves his own bone marrow cells which have been harvested, cleansed, treated, and then stored before the remaining bone marrow is destroyed |
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Term
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Definition
| originating within that individual |
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Term
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Definition
| the surgical fusion of two bones to stiffen a joint, such as an ankle |
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Term
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Definition
| the surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint or break down/destruction |
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Term
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Definition
| minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of the interior of a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical removal of the bursa |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of damaged cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of a damaged joint |
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Term
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Definition
| all of the parts of the knee were replaced |
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Term
| bone-conserving hip resurfacing |
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Definition
| an alternative to removing the head of the femur, placing a metal cap over the head of the femur which restores function to the hip |
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Term
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Definition
| replacement of a worn or failed implant |
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Term
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Definition
| treats a herniated intervertebral disk, thin tube is inserted through the skin of the back to suction out the ruptured disk or to vaporize it with a lazer |
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Term
| percutaneous vertebroplasty |
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Definition
| treats osteoporosis-related compression fractures, bone cement is injected to stabilize compression fractures within the spinal column |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical removal of a lamina, or posterior portion, of a vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| technique to immobilize part of the spine by joining together two or more vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical removal of a portion of the skull |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical incision or opening into the skull |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical fracture of a bone to correct deformity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| surgical removal of a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical suturing, or wiring together, of bones |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical incision or sectioning of a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical incision through the periosteum to the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| the attempted realignment of the bone involved in a fracture or joint dislocation |
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Term
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Definition
| act of holding, suturing, or fastening the bone in a fixed position with strapping or a cast |
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Term
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Definition
| a pulling force exerted on a limb in a distal direction in an effort to return the bone or joint to normal alignment |
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Term
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Definition
| a fracture treatment procedure in which pins are placed through the soft tissues and bone so that an external appliance can be used to hold the pieces of the bone firmly in place during healing, then removed |
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Term
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Definition
| a fracture treatment in which a plate or pins are placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces in place |
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