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Chapter 32 notes
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49
Biology
9th Grade
05/07/2014

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Term
What are the characteristics of all animals?
Definition
-multicellular
-eukaryote
-heterotrophs
-no cell wall
-have specialized cells called tissues
Term
What is made of many cells?
Definition
multicellular
Term
What has membrane bound organelles?
Definition
eukaryote
Term
What is a heterotroph?
Definition
consumer
Term
Do heterotrophs have chlorophyll?
Definition
no
Term
Where are muscle tissue and nervous tissue only found?
Definition
in animals
Term
What is it called when a body doesn't have a certain shape?
Definition
aysmmetrical
Term
What is an example of asymmetrical?
Definition
sponge
Term
What is it called when a body is based around a central point?
Definition
radical symmetry
Term
What is an example of radical symmetry?
Definition
cnidarian
Term
What is it called when a body has two identical halves?
Definition
bilateral symmetry
Term
What is an example of a body that has two identical halves?
Definition
arthropods
Term
What is the front or head region of an animal called?
Definition
anterior
Term
What is the back or rear (tail) part of an animal called?
Definition
posterior
Term
What is the back of an animal called?
Definition
dorsal
Term
What is the abdomen or stomach area of an animal called?
Definition
ventral
Term
What is the distinct patterns of development in different animal phylas?
Definition
clues to their phylogentic history
Term
What does not have a body cavity?
Definition
acoelomates
Term
What is an example of a acoelomate?
Definition
flatworm
Term
What is a cavity that is not completely lined by mesoderm?
Definition
psedocoelom
Term
What is an example of a psedocoelom?
Definition
roundworm
Term
What is a cavity that is not completely lined by mesoderm?
Definition
psedocoelom
Term
In coelomates, what lines the body cavity, supports the endodermic gut, and forms the attachment for the organs in the coelom?
Definition
mesoderm
Term
What doesn't have a body cavity?
Definition
acoelomates
Term
What provides a firm structure against which muscles can contract, acts as a medium for the transport of nutrients and waste, and aids in freedom of movement?
Definition
body cavity
Term
What is the outer layer of skin; nervous system?
Definition
ectoderm
Term
What is the lining of the digestive tract?
Definition
endoderm
Term
What is most of the skeleton; muscles?
Definition
mesoderm
Term
What are the two basic categories of animals?
Definition
invertebrate and vertebrate
Term
What is an animal without a backbone?
Definition
invertebrate
Term
Do invertebrate undergo direct or indirect development?
Definition
indirect
Term
What is an animal with a backbone?
Definition
vertebrate
Term
Does a vertebrate undergo direct or indirect development?
Definition
direct
Term
What are chordates?
Definition
vertebrates that have a backbone
Term
What are the four characteristics that all chordates have?
Definition
notochord, dorsal nerve chord, pharyngeal pouches, and post anal tail
Term
What is a flexible rod of tissue along the back?
Definition
notochord
Term
Where is it believed the first animals may have evolved from?
Definition
colonial protists
Term
What do bilateral symmetrical animals exhibit?
Definition
chephalization
Term
What cephalization?
Definition
concentration of sensory and brain structures in the anterior end
Term
What may have one of the following:
-No circulatory system
-Open circulatory system
-Closed Circulatory system?
Definition
animals
Term
What is an open circulatory system?
Definition
fluid containing oxygen is pumped into sinuses in the body cavity (arthropods)
Term
What is a closed circulatory system?
Definition
blood pumped through a system of vessels in a loop (mammals)
Term
What is the largest group of invertebrates?
Definition
arthropods
Term
What are characteristics of arthropods?
Definition
have exoskeletons, segmentation, and a digestive tract
Term
What are many vertebrates adapted to?
Definition
life on land
Term
What are characteristics of vertebrates?
Definition
have lungs, endoskeleton, and internal fertilization
Term
What are the two types of skeletons?
Definition
exoskeleton and endoskeleton
Term
What are some characteristics of exoskeletons?
Definition
-hard body covering made of chitin
-found in arthropods
-molted as the animal grows
Term
What are some characteristics of endoskeletons?
Definition
-found in all vertebrates
-structural support located inside the body
-made of bone and cartilage
-it grows as the animal grows
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