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| eating other organisms or organic material that is decomposing. |
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| succession of mitotic cell divisions. |
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| multicellular stage which many animals take the form of. (a hollow ball) |
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| follows the blastula stage. layers of embryonic tissues will develop into adult body parts. |
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| final resulting developmental stage. |
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| resurgence of development that transforms the animal into an adult. |
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| organisms that lack true tissues. (Phylum Porifera: sponges) |
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| name of the collective amount of tissues that are featured in nearly all animal phyla. |
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| Phylum Cnidaria and Phylum Ctenophora have radial symmetry. (a.k.a.: radiata) |
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| two sided symmetry. (dorsal [top], ventral [bottom], anterior [head], posterior [tail]) animals with bilateral symmetry are collectively called Bilateria. |
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| associated with bilateral symmetry. evolutionary trend toward the concentration of sensory equipment on anterior end. includes development of central nervous system concentrated in the head and extending toward the tail as longitudinal nerve cord. |
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| concentric layers the form the various tissues and organs of the body. |
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| covering the surface of the embryo. gives rise to outer covering of animal and, in some phyla, to the central nervous system. |
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| innermost germ layer, lines the developing digestive tube and gives rise to lining of digestive tract and organs derived from it. |
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| developing digestive tube. |
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| between ectoderm and endoderm. forms the muslces and most other organs between the digestive tube and outer covering of the animal. |
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| having only two germ layers. |
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| having three germ layers. |
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| triploblastic animals with solid bodies (without a cavity between the digestive tract and outer body wall.) Phylum Platyhelminthes [flatworms]. |
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| animals whose cavity is not completely lined by tissue derived from mesoderm. Phylum Rotifera and Phylum Nematoda. pseudocoelomates. |
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| animals with true coelom (fluid filled body cavity completely lined by tissue derived from mesoderm) |
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| mollusks, annelids, arthropods, and several other phyla. |
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| echinoderms, chordates, and some other phyla. |
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| planes of cell division are diagonal to vertical axis of the embryo (protostomes) |
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| casts the developmental fate of each embryonic cell very early. (protostomes) |
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| cleavage planes either parallel or perpendicular to the verticlew axis of the egg. (deuterostomes) |
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| each cell produced by early cleavage divisions retains the capacity to develop into a complete embryo. (deuterostomes) |
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| single opening in the archenteron. (opens to the outside) |
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| as archenteron forms in a protostome, initially solid masses of mesoderm split to form the coelomic cavities. |
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| development of the body cavities of deuterostomes. |
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| last period of the Precambrian era. |
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| burst of animal origins left rich fossil assemblage that includes the first animals with hard, mineralized skeletons. |
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