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chapter 31
Fungi
24
Biology
Not Applicable
05/04/2005

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Term
absorption
Definition
the uptake of water or dissolved substances by a cell or organism.
Term
hyphae
Definition
multinucleate or multicellular filaments that make up the body (mycelium) of a fungus.
Term
mycelium
Definition
mass of hyphae creating the thallus (body) of fungi.
Term
septa
Definition
dividing walls
Term
chitin
Definition
polysaccharide contained in fungi. used to strengthen the supporting structures.
Term
coenocytic
Definition
multinucleate hyphae lacking cross-walls
Term
haustoria
Definition
specialized structure in fungus that enables it to enter a host cell.
Term
plasmogamy
Definition
fusion of the cytoplasm of two cells.
Term
karyogamy
Definition
fusion of the nucleus of two cells.
Term
dikaryon
Definition
A pair of closely associated, sexually compatible nuclei, may or may not be derived from a different parent hypha or cell.
Term
chytrids
Definition
term used to describe members in the phyla Chytridomycota.
Term
zygote fungi
Definition
zygomycetes. division of Fungi that form resistant dikaryotic structures during sexual production. mostly terrestrial and live in soil or on decaying plant and animal material.
Term
mycorrhizae
Definition
Symbiotic (relationship benefiting both) association between hyphae of certain fungi and absorptive organs, usually plant roots.
Term
asci
Definition
An ascus (plural asci) is the spore-bearing container produced in the ascocarps of ascomycete fungi. Each ascus contains eight ascospores, produced by a meiotic cell division followed by a mitotic cell division. Asci release their spores by bursting. When one ascus bursts, it triggers the bursting of all the other asci in the ascocarp.
Term
ascocarp
Definition
large structure used for producing ascospores.
Term
conidia
Definition
asexual spore produced by fungi.
Term
basidium
Definition
Short, club-shaped fungus cell on which basidiospores are produced.
Term
sac fungi
Definition
ascomycota, division of Fungi that produce sexual spores in saclike asci.
Term
club fungus
Definition
division basidiomycota. clublike shape of basidium. has long-lived dikaryotic mycelia and a transient diploid stage.
Term
mold
Definition
rapidly growing, asexually reproducing fungus.
Term
imperfect fungi (deuteromycetes)
Definition
reproduce asexually by producing spores. no known sexual stages.
Term
yeasts
Definition
unicellular fungi that inhabit liquid or moist habitats. reproduce asexually by simple cell division or by budding.
Term
lichen
Definition
symbiotic association of millions of photosynthetic microorganisms held in a mesh of fungal hyphae.
Term
soredia
Definition
small clusters of hyphae with embedded algae.
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