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Chapter 31 Defense System
Hunsicker Flash Cards
32
Science
10th Grade
02/05/2008

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Term
Pathogens
Definition
Disease causing organisms (virus, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, worms)
Term
Infectious Disease
Definition
Disease caused by PATHOGENS; not from genetic inheritance (hemophilia)
Term
Joseph Lister (1865)
Definition
Scottish physician; 1st to use Carbonic Acid in antiseptic surgery.
Term
Louis Pasteur (1864)
Definition
French chemist; disproved Spontaneous Generation & established Germ Theory Disease
Term
Robert Koch (1880s)
Definition
German microbiologist; postulates used to prove cause of specific disease
Term
Barriers (1st defense)
Definition
External defecse (skin enzymes, lysosome, acids, micocililiated epithelium)
Term
Paul Ehrlich (1908)
Definition
German Microbiologist; Father of Chemotherapy; "magic bullet" for syphilis
Term
2nd Defense (nonspecific)
Definition
Internal defense (macrophages, complement, inflammation response)
Term
Inflammation Response
Definition

Non-specific local internal response (swelling, redness, heat, and pain)

Term
Complement
Definition
Non-specific blood protein stimulated by antibodies; poke holes in microbe
Term
Interferon
Definition

Non-specific protein secreted by virus-infected cell ( blocks reproduction)

Term
Targeted Defense (3rd line)
Definition
 Immune Response (Cell Mediated + Humoral) against specific pathogen
Term
Immunity
Definition
Resistence to a pathogen that causes specific disease vaccine or prior exposure)
Term
Antigen
Definition
Protein (usually surface) that simulates an IMMUNE response
Term
Antibodies
Definition
Specific blood proteins produced by PLASMA cells (humoral immunity)
Term
B-Cells
Definition
Lymphocytes involved with HUMORAL immunity (antibodies in blood)
Term
T-Cells
Definition
Lymphocytes most involved with CELL MEDIATED immunity
Term
Plasma Cell
Definition
 Activated B-lymphocyte; produces many antibodies specific to antigen
Term
Humoral Immunity
Definition
Immunity originated from B-cells (ie. Antibodies in blood)
Term
Cell Mediated Immunity
Definition
Immunity originated from T-cells (ie. lymphocytic attack)
Term
T-helper cells
Definition

Lymphocytes that activate both  humoral & cell mediated immune responses

Term
Macrophage
Definition
Non-specific phagocyte; presents pathogenic antigens on surface (B/T cells)
Term
Memory Cells
Definition
Activated B-cells; set aside for quick SECONDARY response to pathogen
Term
Second Immune Response
Definition
Quicker/ Stronger response with 2nd exposure to pathogen (no symptoms)
Term
Dr. Jonas Salk
Definition
Microbiologist; developed 1st polio vaccine (chem. disabled)
Term
Vaccine
Definition
Gives ARTIFICIAL, but active immunity; disabled pathogen stimulates IS
Term
Active Immunity
Definition
Body produces antibodies (natural or acquired(vaccine);  long term immunity
Term

Passive Immunity

Definition
Body RECIEVES antibodies from another soucrce; short term immunity
Term
Allergy
Definition
Over sensitivity to a non-harmful allergen
Term
Histamine
Definition
Hormone released by MAST cells; causes VASODILATION
Term

Autoimmune Response

Definition
Immune system turns against SELF (Lupus, Rheumatoid Arthritus, MS)
Term
AIDS
Definition
Fatal viral disease from HIV; destroys body's T-helper cells & immunity
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