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| describes the identities and quantities of reactions (substances consumed) and products (substances formed) |
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| of particles (atoms, ions, molecules) contains Avagadro's number of the particles |
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| the mass of one mole of the particles that comprise their substance; the M of an element, in grams per mole, is numerically the same as the element's average atomic mass, in amus |
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| the mass of one molecule of a molecular compound |
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| of a compound is the mass of one formula unit |
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| refers to the quantitive relation between the quantities of reactants and products in a chemical reaction |
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| Law of Conversation of Mass |
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| states that the sum of the masses of the reactants and products in a chemical reactions is the same |
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| the reaction of water with another material |
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| nonmetal oxides that react with water to produce acids |
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| molecular compounds composed of only hydrogen and carbon; are a class of organic compounds |
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| occur between oxygen and another element or compound; when the other is a hydrocarbon, the products of complete combustion are carbon dioxide and water vapor |
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| the percentage by mass of each element in a compound; it can also refer to the percentage by mass of each component in a mixture |
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| represent the proportions of the ions in the formula units |
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| formed in a mass spectrometer when a neutral molecule loses an electron after being bombarded with a high-energy beam; it has a charge of 1+ and has essentially the same molecular mass as the neutral molecule from which it came |
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| a graph of the data from a mass spectrometer where m/2 ration of the deflected particles are plotted against the number of particles with a particular mass; because the charge on the ions typically is 1+, m/2 = m/1 = m and the mass of the particle may be read directly form the m/2 axis |
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| a substance is burned completely in oxygen to produce known compounds whose masses are used to determine the composition of the original material |
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| consumed completely in a chemical reaction; the amount of product formed depends on the amount of this available |
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| the amount of product expected for a chemical reaction given a specific quantity of reactant |
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| the amount of product obtained as a result of a chemical reaction conducted in a lab; often less than the theoretical yield |
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