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| The effort to slow the growth of the federal government by returning many functions to the states |
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| Constitutional arrangement whereby power is distributed between a central government and subdivisional governments, called states in the US. The national and the subdivisional governments both exercise direct authority over individuals |
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| Constitutional arrangement in which power is concentrated in a central government |
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| Constitutional arrangement in which sovereign nations or states, by compact, create a central government but carefully limit its power and do not give it direct authority over individuals |
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| Powers specifically granted to one of the branches of the national government by the constitution |
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| Powers inferred from the express powers that allow Congress to carry out its functions |
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| Necessary and Proper Clause |
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| Clause of the constitution setting forth the implied powers of congress. it states that congress, in addition to its express powers, has the right to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying out all powers vested by the constitution in the national government |
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| the powers of the national government in the field of foreign affairs that the supreme court has declared do not depend on constitutional grants but rather grow out of the very existence of the national government |
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| Clause in the Constitution that gives Congress the power to regulate all business activities that cross state lines or affect more than one state or other nations |
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| a requirement imposed by the federal government as a condition for the receipt of federal funds |
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| Powers that the Constitution gives to both the nation and state governments, such as the power to levy taxes |
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| Full Faith and Credit Clause |
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| Clause in the constitutional requiring each state to recognize the civil judgments rendered by the courts of the other states and to accept their public records and acts as valid |
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| Legal process whereby an alleged criminal offender is surrendered by the officials of one state to officials of the state in which the crime is alleged to have been committed |
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| An agreement among two or more states. The constitution requires that most such agreements must be approved by Congress |
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| Constitutional Doctrine that whenever conflict occurs between the constitutionally authorized actions of the national government and those of a state or local government, and the actions of the federal government prevail |
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| The Right of a federal law or regulation to preclude enforcement of a state or local law regulation |
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| people who favor national action over action at the state or local levels |
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| People who favor state or local action rather than national action |
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| Powers Expressed or implicitly reserved to the states and emphasized by decentralists |
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