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Chapter 2 Vocabulary
Vocab of Chap. 2
24
Biology
11th Grade
09/10/2014

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Term
Atom
Definition
The basic unit of matter
Term
Nucleus
Definition
The center of an atom, which contains the protons and neutrons
Term
Electron
Definition
A pure substane that consists entirely of one type of atom
Term
Isotope
Definition
One of several forms of a single element, each of which contains the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Term
Compound
Definition
A substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions.
Term
Ionic Bond
Definition
A chemical bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
Term
Covalent Bond
Definition
A type of bond between atoms in which the electrons are shared
Term
Molecule
Definition
The smallest unit of most compound that displays all the properties of that compound
Term
Cohesion
Definition
The attraction between molecules of the same substance
Term
Adhesion
Definition
The force of attraction between kdifferent kinds of molecules
Term
Solution
Definition
A type of mixture in which all the components are evenly distributed.
Term
Suspension
Definition
A mixture of water and nondissolved material
Term
Acid
Definition
A compound that releases hydroxide ions in solution; a solution with a pH of less than 7.
Term
Base
Definition
A compound that releases hydroxide ions in solution; a solution with a pH of more than 7.
Term
Buffer
Definition
A compound that prevents sharp, sudden changes in pH.
Term
Carbohydrate
Definition
A compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxyen atoms; a type of nutrient that is the main source of energy for the body
Term
Lipid
Definition
A macromolecule made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes
Term
Nucleic Acid
Definition
A macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus.
Term
Protein
Definition
A macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair
Term
Amino Acid
Definition
A compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end.
Term
Chemical Reaction
Definition
The process that changes, or transforms, one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
Term
Activation Energy
Definition
The energy that is needed to get a reaction started
Term
Catalyst
Definition
A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
Term
Enzyme
Definition
A protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions
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