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Chapter 2 Section 3, 4, & 5
N/A
33
Social Studies
8th Grade
09/20/2012

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Term
indigo
Definition
plant used to make a blue dye for cloth
Term
pacifism
Definition
is defined as the opposition to war or violence as a means of settling disputes
Term
church covenant
Definition
a voluntary agreement to worship together
Term
chattel slavery
Definition
the actual ownership of one human being by another
Term
Middle Passage
Definition
The terrible journey of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to America
Term
Enlightenment
Definition
a period during the 1700's when thinkers believed that people should use reason and natural law to shape society
Term
merchants
Definition
were people at the top of colonial New England's urban society
Term
John Locke
Definition
asserted that all people were born with the right to life, liberty, and property
Term
capitalists
Definition
persons who invest wealth, particularly, money, in a business
Term
Edmund Andros
Definition
was appointed as the first governor-general of the Dominium of New England
Term
English Civil War
Definition
began when Charles I sent troops into the English Parliament to arrest several Puritan leaders
Term
William Penn
Definition
names his capital Philadelphia, which means "city of brotherly love"
Term
slave codes
Definition
a set of laws defining the relationship between enslaved Africans and free people
Term
Navigation Acts
Definition
required that all goods shipped to and from the colonies be carried on English ships
Term
Georgia
Definition
this colony was founded by James Oglethorpe as a place where debtors could star over
Term
Great Awakening
Definition
was a period in the 1700's when there was a revival of religious feeling
Term
Southern Colonies
Definition
developed their economy on agriculture
Term
Glorious Revolution
Definition
the bloodless change of power that brought Protestants rulers William and Mary to the throne of England
Term
Stone Rebellion
Definition
was an uprising by enslaved Africans wanting freedom
Term
indentured servants
Definition
people who made labor contracts with colonists, agreeing to work for a set term in exchange for payment for their passage to America, food, clothing and shelter until the contract expired
Term
Bacon's Rebellion
Definition
this event convinced many wealthy planters in Virginia that land should be made available for backcountry farmers
Term
Cotton Maher
Definition
Puritan minister who promoted a novel practice called inoculation to prevent and abate small pox
Term
Staple Act
Definition
resulted in having the colonists pay higher prices for goods imported from Europe
Term
substinence farming
Definition
growing only enough crops to feed your own family
Term
triangular trade
Definition
instead of trading directly with England, colonial merchants developed the systems involving a three-way exchange of goods
Term
Delaware
Definition
this colony was made up of three counties south of Pennsylvania that William Penn had purchased
Term
enslaved Africans
Definition
no other group endured lower status or hardship in the American colonies
Term
English government
Definition
began to view the colonies as a source of raw materials after the English Civil War
Term
Pennsylvania
Definition
this land was originally acquired by a Quaker names William Penn as settlement for a debt that King Charles owed his father. It later became a colony
Term
Dominion of New England
Definition
was a new royal providence created by when the English government merged the colonies of Massachusetts, Plymouth, and Rhode Island
Term
mercantilism
Definition
is a set of ideas about the world economy that believed that to become wealthy and powerful a country had to accumulate gold and silver
Term
Quakers
Definition
believed that each person had an "inner light" from God, that there was no need for ministers, and that war was not an appropriate means for settling disputes
Term
New York
Definition
was originally called New Netherland because it belonged to the Dutch, but it was overtaken by force by James, the Duke of York, and renamed it in his honor
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