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Chapter 2: Roots
Medical Terminalogy: Root Words
88
Medical
Undergraduate 1
03/17/2010
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Term
Anatomy
 Definition
Study of body parts
Term
Physiology
 Definition
Study of how body parts work
Term
Cyt/o
 Definition
Cell: smallest unit of all living things
Term
Hist/o
 Definition
Tissue: Group of similar cells which do a specific task.
Term
Organ
 Definition
2 or more groups of tissues working together for special body functions.
Term
System
 Definition
Group of organs working together for complex functions.
Term
12 Organs
 Definition
1. Integumentary
2. Skeletal
3. Muscular
4. Nervous / Eyes & Ears
5. Endocrine
6. Circulatory
7. Lymphatic
8. Respiratory
9. Digestive
10. Urinary
11. Male Reproductive
12. Female Reproductive
Term
Organism
 Definition
All organ systems together form the human body.
Term
Adip/o; Lip/o; Steat/o
 Definition
Fat
Term
Axill/o
 Definition
Armpit
Term
Bi/o
 Definition
Life
Term
Cephal/o
 Definition
Head
Term
Cervic/o
 Definition
Neck
Term
Hist/o; Histi/o
 Definition
Tissue
Term
Viscer/o
 Definition
Internal Organs
Term
Path/o
 Definition
Disease
Term
Cili/o; Pil/o
 Definition
Hair
Term
Derm/o; Dermat/o; Cutane/o
 Definition
Skin
Term
Onych/o; Ungu/o
 Definition
Nail
Term
Arthr/o
 Definition
Joint
Term
Chondr/o
 Definition
Cartilage
Term
Crani/o
 Definition
Skull
Term
Cost/o
 Definition
Rib
Term
Myel/o
 Definition
Bone Marrow (Spinal Cord)
Term
Oste/o
 Definition
Bone
Term
Pelv/o
 Definition
Pelvis
Term
Spin/o
 Definition
Spine
Term
Vertebr/o; Spondyl/o
 Definition
Vertebra
Term
My/o; Muscul/o
 Definition
Muscle
Term
Ten/o; Tend/o; Tendin/o
 Definition
Tendon
Term
Blephar/o
 Definition
Eyelid
Term
Cerebr/o; Encephal/o
 Definition
Brain
Term
Myel/o
 Definition
Spinal Cord (See Skeletal)
Term
Neur/o
 Definition
Nerve
Term
Ophthalm/o; Ocul/o
 Definition
Eye
Term
Ot/o
 Definition
Ear
Term
Aden/o
 Definition
Gland
Term
Adren/o
 Definition
Adrenal Gland
Term
Parathyroid/o
 Definition
Parathyroid Gland
Term
Pituitar/o
 Definition
Pituitary Gland
Term
Thyroid/o
 Definition
Thyroid Gland
Term
Angi/o; Vascul/o; Vas/o
 Definition
Vessel
Term
Arteri/o
 Definition
Artery
Term
Cardi/o
 Definition
Heart
Term
Hem/o; Hemat/o
 Definition
Blood
Term
Ven/o; Phleb/o
 Definition
Vein
Term
Adenoid/o
 Definition
Adenoids
Term
Lymph/o
 Definition
Lymph (fluid)
Term
Lymphaden/o
 Definition
Lymph Glands (nodes)
Term
Lymphangi/o
 Definition
Lymph Vessel
Term
Splen/o
 Definition
Splen
Term
Tonsill/o
 Definition
Tonsils
Term
Alveol/o
 Definition
Term
Bronch/o; Bronchi/o
 Definition
Bronchus
Term
Laryng/o
 Definition
Larynx (Voice Box)
Term
Nas/o; Rhin/o
 Definition
Nose
Term
Pharyng/o
 Definition
Pharynx (throat)
Term
Phren/o
 Definition
Diaphragm
Term
Pneum/o; Pneumon/o; Pulmon/o
 Definition
Term
Thorac/o
 Definition
Chest
Term
Trache/o
 Definition
Trachea (WindPipe)
Term
Abdomin/o
 Definition
Abdomen
Term
Cheil/o
 Definition
Lip
Term
Col/o
 Definition
Colon (Large Intestines)
Term
Enter/o
 Definition
Small Intestines
Term
Esophag/o
 Definition
Esophagus
Term
Gastr/o
 Definition
Stomach
Term
Gloss/o; Lingu/o
 Definition
Tongue
Term
Hepat/o
 Definition
Liver
Term
Or/o; Stomat/o
 Definition
Mouth
Term
Pharyng/o
 Definition
Pharynx (throat)
Term
Rect/o
 Definition
Rectum
Term
Cyst/o
 Definition
Bladder
Term
Ren/o; Nephr/o
 Definition
Term
Ureter/o
 Definition
Ureters
Term
Urethr/o
 Definition
Urethra
Term
Epididym/o
 Definition
Epididymis
Term
Orchid/o; Test/o; Testicul/o
 Definition
Testicle; Testis
Term
Phall/o
 Definition
Penis
Term
Prostat/o
 Definition
Prostate Gland
Term
Vas/o
 Definition
Vas Deferens
Term
Colp/o; Vagin/o
 Definition
Vagina
Term
Gynec/o
 Definition
Female
Term
Mast/o; Mamm/o
 Definition
Breast
Term
Oophor/o; Ovari/o
 Definition
Ovary
Term
Salping/o
 Definition
Fallopian Tubes
Term
Uter/o; Hyster/o; Metr/o
 Definition
Uterus
Term
Vulv/o
 Definition
Vulva (External Genetalia)
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