Term
| Activation Imaging Approach |
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Definition
| Attempts to directly link functional brain activity with cognitive behavioral data. |
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Definition
| A disease commonly found in the elderly that is characterized by a decline in memory and a progressive destruction of brain cells. |
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Definition
| The region of the brain, located in the medial temporal lobe, believed to play a key role in EMOTION. |
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Definition
| Located in the front part of the cingulated cortex, this region of the brain plays a role in autonomic functions, cognitive functions, and emotion. |
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Definition
| A group of nuclei interconnected with the cerebral cortex. They are associated with motor control, cognition, and emotions. |
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Definition
| Involves activation of a specific brain structure in both lateral hemispheres of the brain. |
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Definition
| the part of the brain that is associated with motor functioning and balance equilibrium. |
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Definition
| Involves the use of a behavior or function to aid in performance that has been otherwise compromised. |
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Term
| Controlled Self-Generated Encoding |
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Definition
| When individuals elaborate on information by relating it to themselves and rehearse the information in this way. |
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Definition
| Attempts to link measures of cognitive performance to measures of brain structure or functioning. |
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Definition
| The regions of the brain that are most active at rest. |
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Definition
| The measurement of the diffusion of water molecules in tissue in order to study connections of neural pathways in the brain. |
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Definition
| Involves dopamine neurotransmission. Dopamaine is a neurotransmitter and is critically implicated in multiple cognitive functions. |
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Definition
| In animal studies, involves raising animals in large groups filled with changing arrangements of toys/objects. |
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Term
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Definition
| Include the ability to make and carry out plans, switch between tasks, and maintain attention and focus. |
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Term
| Functional Imaging (fMRI) |
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Definition
| Examines how changes in brain activity occur in correspondence to changes in task demands and the type of cognitive functioning under investigation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Located in the medial-temporal lobe, this part of the brain plays a major role in memory and learning. |
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Term
| Lateral Occipital Complex |
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Definition
| A highly specialized neural site involved in processing the face, place, and object areas. |
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Definition
| A memory technique for remembering things by linking them to places. |
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Definition
| Receives input from the cerebral cortex and other brain areas and provides output to the basal nuclei. |
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Term
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Definition
| Those that give life to new neurons throughout the life span. |
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Term
| Neuropsychological Approach |
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Definition
| Compares brain functioning of healthy older adults with adults displaying various pathological disorder in the brain. |
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Definition
| Occurs when additional neurons fire and shore up declining brain structures that are insufficient. |
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Term
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Definition
| a brain disease caused by an extreme drop in the neurotransmitter dopamine. |
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Definition
| Involves the interactions between the brain and the environment and is mostly used to describe the effects of experience on the structure and functions of the neural system. |
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Definition
| When an individual remembers more positive information relative to negative information. |
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Definition
| Part of the frontal lobe that is involved in executive functioning. |
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Term
| Selective Allocation of Attention |
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Definition
| When something in the environment captures one's attention and the individual allocates more resources in the attention to that item. |
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Term
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Definition
| When different brain regions are activated to compensate for lacking processing resources. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when neuronal firing is limited when the brain is activated. |
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Term
| Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex (VMPFC) |
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Definition
| Part of the prefrontal cortex, this may be involved in decision making and processing risk. |
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Term
| White Matter Hyperintensities (WMH) |
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Definition
| Abnormalities in the brain often found in older adults, correlated with cognitive decline. |
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Term
| Working Memory Performance |
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Definition
| Holding and manipulating information in consciousness. |
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