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Chapter 2
Kinematics in One Dimension
32
Physics
Undergraduate 2
01/08/2015

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Term
kinematics
Definition
deals with the concepts that are needed to describe motion, without any reference to forces
Term
dynamics
Definition
deals with the effect that forces have on motion
Term
mechanics
Definition
the branch of physics that is formed by kinematics & dynamics
Term
displacement
Definition
a vector drawn from the original position to the final position of an object; denoted with a delta in front of the vector; magnitude equals the shortest distance between the two positions
Term
SI unit of displacement
Definition
meter (m)
Term
average speed
Definition
the distance traveled divided by the time required to cover the distance
Term
average velocity
Definition
dividing the displacement by the elapsed time
Term
SI unit for average velocity
Definition
meter per second
Term
instantaneous velocity/velocity
Definition
how fast an object moves & the direction of the motion at each instant in time
Term
instantaneous speed/speed
Definition
the magnitude of the instantaneous velocity
Term
equation for instantaneous velocity
Definition
limit as change in time approaches zero of displacement/change in time
Term
As the change in time approaches zero in the equation for instantaneous velocity, what happens to the velocity?
Definition
approaches the value of the instantaneous velocity
Term
average acceleration
Definition
change in velocity/elapsed time
Term
SI unit of average acceleration
Definition
meter per second squared
Term
Does the vector for average acceleration point in the same direction as the vector for velocity when the object is speeding up?
Definition
yes!
Term
instantaneous acceleration/acceleration
Definition
an object's acceleration at a particular instant of time; limit as change in time approaches zero of change in velocity/change in time
Term
Does the vector for average acceleration point in the same direction as the vector for velocity when the object is slowing down?
Definition
no!
Term
In kinematics, what does "x" stand for?
Definition
displacement
Term
In kinematics, what does "a" or "a bar" stand for?
Definition
constant acceleration
Term
In kinematics, what does "v" stand for?
Definition
final velocity at time "t"
Term
In kinematics, what does "v knot" stand for?
Definition
initial velocity at time "t knot" which is 0 seconds
Term
In kinematics, what does "t" stand for?
Definition
time elapsed since "t knot" which is 0 seconds
Term
Under what conditions can the equations of kinematics be used?
Definition
constant acceleration
Term
free-fall
Definition
an idealized motion of an object downwards towards the Earth in which air resistance is neglected & the acceleration is nearly constant
Term
acceleration due to gravity
Definition
the acceleration of a freely falling body; magnitude is denoted by "g"
Term
What is "g" equal to in m/s^2?
Definition
9.80 m/s^2
Term
Does "freely falling" always mean that an object is falling down?
Definition
no!
Term
In any case of free fall, the object always experiences the same _____ due to gravity
Definition
downward acceleration
Term
What does the slope of position/time equal to for an object?
Definition
its velocity
Term
If an object is accelerating, what is changing?
Definition
its velocity
Term
What does the slope of the line tangent to the position/time curve equal for an object?
Definition
its instantaneous velocity
Term
What is the slope of the velocity/time curve equal to for an object?
Definition
its acceleration
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