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chapter 28 and 33
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27
Biology
10th Grade
03/31/2013

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Term
Determination
Definition
Firmness of purpose; resoluteness.
Term
differentiation
Definition
the process in which the structure and function of the parts of an organism change to enable specialization of those parts
Term
tissue
Definition
a group of similar cells that perform a common function
Term
organ
Definition
a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
Term
organ system
Definition
a group of organs that work together to perform body functions
Term
homeostasis
Definition
the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment; a constant internal state that is maintained in a changing environment by continually making adjustments to the internal and external environment
Term
feedback
Definition
the return of information about a system or process that may effect a change in the system or process; the information that is returned
Term
negative feedback
Definition
a control system counteracts any change in the body that moves conditions above or below a set point
Term
positive feedback
Definition
a control center uses information from sensors to increase the rate of change away from the set points
Term
skeletal system
Definition
the bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons whose primary function is to support and protect the body and to allow the body to move
Term
appendicular skeleton
Definition
the bones of the arms and legs
Term
axial skeleton
Definition
the bones of the skull and vertebral column
Term
vertebra
Definition
one of the 33 bones in the spinal column (backbone)
Term
cartilage
Definition
a flexible and strong connective tissue
Term
joint
Definition
a place where two or more bones meet
Term
ligament
Definition
a type of tissue that holds together the bones in a joint
Term
calcification
Definition
The process of creating hard bone by combining collagen and calcium phosphate
Term
muscular system
Definition
a collection of muscles whose primary function is movement and flexibility
Term
muscle fiber
Definition
a multinucleate muscle cell, especially of skeletal or cardiac muscle tissue
Term
skeletal muscle
Definition
a voluntary muscle that is attached to the bones and that moves parts of the body
Term
tendon
Definition
a tough connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone or to another body part
Term
smooth muscle
Definition
the elongated muscle that is not under voluntary control and that is found in the digestive tract, blood vessels, glands, and hair follicles, but not in the heart
Term
cardiac muscle
Definition
the type of involuntary muscle found in the heart
Term
myofibril
Definition
a fiber that is found in striated muscle cells and that is responsible for muscle contraction
Term
sarcomere
Definition
the basic unit of contraction in skeletal and cardiac muscle
Term
actin
Definition
a protein responsible for the contraction and relaxation of muscle
Term
myosin
Definition
the most abundant protein in muscle tissue and the main constituent of the thick filaments of muscle fibers
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