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| A broad idea or set of closely related ideas that attempts to explain observations and to make predictions about future observations |
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| an educated guess that de3rives logically from a theory a prediction that can be texted |
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| a definition that provides an objective description of how a variable is going to be measured and observed in particular study |
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| a method that allows researchers to combine the results of several different studies on a smiliar topic in order to establish the strength of an effect. |
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| research that determines the basic dimensions of a phenomenon defining what it is how often it occurs and so on |
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| Case Study Or Case History |
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| an in depth look at a single individual |
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| research that examines the relations between variables with the purpose of determining whether and how two variables chage together |
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| the circumstance where a variable that has no been measured accounts for the relationship between two other variables. also known as confounds. |
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| a type of correlational stud in which variables are measured at a single point in time |
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| a special kind of systematic observation used by correlational researchers that involves obtaining measures of the variables of intrest in multiple waves over time |
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| a carefully regulated procedurfe in which the researcher manipulates one or more varibles that are believed to influence some other variable |
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| researchers assignment of a participants to groups by chance to reduce the likelihood that an expierments results will be due to preexisting differences between groups |
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| a manipulated experimental factor the variable that the expirmenter changes to see what its effects are |
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| the outcome the factor that can change in an experiment in response to change in the independent variable |
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| a person who is given a role to play in a study so that the social context can be manipulated |
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| the participants in an experiment who receive the drug or other treatment under study that is those who are exposed to the change that the independent variable represents |
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| the degree to which an experimental design actually reflects the real world issues it is suppose to address |
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| the degree to which changes in the dependent variable are due to the manipulation of the independent variable |
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| the influence of the experimenters expectations on the outcome of research |
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| any aspects of a study that communicate to the participants how the experimenter wants them to behave |
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| Research Participation ias |
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| in an experiment the influence of participants expecations and of their thoughts on how they should behave on their behavior |
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| a phenomenon in which the participants expectations rather that an actual treatment produce an outcome |
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| in a drug study a harmless substance that has no physiological effect given to participants in a control group so that they are treated identicaly to the experimental group except for the active agent |
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| an experimental design in which neither the experimenter nor the participants are aware of which participants are in the experimental group and which are in the control group until the results are calculated. |
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| the entire group about which the investigator wants to draw conclusions |
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| the subset of the population chosen by the investigator for study |
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| a sample that gives every member of the population an equal chance of being selected |
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| the observation of behavior in a real-world setting |
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| mathematical procedures that are used to describe and summarize sets of data in a meaningful way |
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| a measure of central tendency that is the average for a sample |
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| a measure of central tendency that is the middle score in a sample |
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| a measure of central tendency that is the most common score in a sample |
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| a measure of dispersion that is the difference between the highest and lowest scores |
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| a measure of dispersion that tells us how much scores in a sample differ from the mean of the sample |
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| mathematical methods that are used to indicate whether results for a sample are likely to generalize to a population |
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| the participants in an experiment who are as much like the experimental group as possible and who are treated in every way like experimental group except for a manipulated factor, the independent variable |
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