Term
| BUREAU OF JUSTICE STATISTICS (BJS) |
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Definition
| A FEDERAL AGENCY AUTHORIZED BY CONGRESS TO COLLECT AND ANALYZE CRIME DATA BASED ON SURVEYS OF THE GENERAL POPULATION, WHO ARE QUESTIONED ABOUT CRIME VICTIMIZATIONS. |
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Term
| UNIFORM CRIME REPORTS (UCR) |
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Definition
| OFFICIAL CRIME DATA, COLLECTED AND PUNISHED BY THE FEDEAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (FBI) AND BASED ON "CRIMES KNOWN TO THE POLICE"--CRIMES THAT ARE REPORTED TO OR OBSERVED BY THE POLICE AND THAT THE POLICE HAVE REASON TO BELIEVE WERE COMMITTED |
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Term
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Definition
| THE FBI'S UNIFORM CRIME REPORTS OF THE OCCURRENCES OF THE EIGHT CRIMES CONSIDERED MOST SERIOUS: MURDER AND NONNEGLIGENT MANSLAUGHTER, FORCIBLE RAPE, ROBBERY, AGGRAVATED ASSAULT, BURGLARY, LARCENY-THEFT, MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT, AND ARSON. |
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Term
| CRIMES KNOWN TO THE POLICE |
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Definition
| ALL SERIOUS CRIMINAL OFFENSES THAT HAVE BEEN REPORTED TO THE POLICE AND FOR WHICH THE POLICE HAVE SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE TO BELIEVE THE CRIMES WERE COMMITTED |
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Term
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Definition
| THE NUMBER OF CRIMES PER 100,000 POPULATION |
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Term
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Definition
| THE ILLEGAL ACITONS OF CORPORATIONS OR INDIVIDUALS, COMMITTED WHILE PURSUING THEIR LEGITIMATE OCCUPATIONS. (EXAMPLES: CONSUMER FRAUD, BRIBERY, AND EMBEZZLEMENT) |
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Term
| NATIONAL INCIDENT-BASED REPORTING SYSTEM (NIBRS) |
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Definition
| A REPORTING SYSTEM USED BY THE FBI IN COLLECTING CRIME DATA. IN THIS SYSTEM, A CRIME IS VIEWED ALONG WITH ALL OF ITS COMPONENTS, INCLUDING THE TYPE OF VICTIM, TYPE OF WEAPON , LOCATION OF THE CRIME, ALCOHOL/DRUG INFLUENCE, TYPE OF CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, RELATIONSHIP OF VICTIM TO OFFENDER, AND RESIDENCE OF VICTIMS AND ARRESTEES, AS WELL AS A DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPERTY AND ITS VALUE. |
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Term
| NATIONAL CRIME VICTIMIZATION SURVEY (NCVS) |
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Definition
| CRIME DATA COLLECTED BY THE BUREAU OF JUSTICE STATISTICS (BJS) AND BASED ON SURVEYS OF PEOPLE TO DETERMINE WHO HAS BEEN VICTIMIZED BY CRIME. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE PROCESS OF COLLECTING CRIME DATA BY ASKING PEOPLE ABOUT THEIR CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, USUALLY BY USE OF ANONYMOUS QUESTIONNAIRES. |
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Term
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Definition
| HISTORICALLY, UNLAWFUL VAGINAL INTERCOURSE WITH A WOMAN. IT IS CALLED FORCIBLE RAPE IF ENGAGED IN AGAINST THE WILL OF THE WOMAN BY THE USE OF THREATS OR FORCE. MORE RECENTLY, SOME RAPE STATUTES HAVE BEEN REWRITTEN TO INCLUDE MALE VICTIMS AND FEMALE PERPETRATORS, AS WELL AS PENETRATION OF ANY BODY OPENING BY ANY ISTRUMENT, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE MALE SEXUAL ORGAN. |
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Term
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Definition
| SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WAS CONSENSUAL BETWEEN A MAN AND WOMAN WHO WAS UNDER THE AGE OF CONSENT. |
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Term
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Definition
| CRIMES DEFINED BY THE FBI'S UNIFORM CRIME REPORT AS SERIOUS CRIMES AGAINST A PERSON. THEY INCLUDE MURDER, AND NONNEGLIGENT MANSLAUGHTER, ROBBERY, FORCIBLE RAPE, AND AGGRAVATED ASSAULT. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE UNLAWFUL KILLING OF ANOTHER PERSON WITH EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED MALICE AFORETHOUGHT |
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Term
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Definition
| THE UNLAWFUL KILLING OF A HUMAN BEING BY A PERSON WHO LACKS MALICE. MANSLAUGHTER MAY BE INVOLUNTARY (OR NEGLIGENT), THE RESULT OF RECKLESSNESS WHILE COMMITTING AN UNLAWFUL ACT(SUCH AS DRIVING WHILE INTOXICATED), OR VOLUNTARY, AN INTENTIONAL KILLING COMMITTED IN THE HEAT OF PASSION. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE USE OF FORCE OR FEAR TO TAKE PERSONAL PROPERTY BELONGING TO ANOTHER AGAINST THAT PERSONS WILL. |
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Term
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Definition
| TECHNICALLY, AN ASSAULT IS A THREAT TO COMMIT A BATTERY, BUT OFTEN, THE TERM IS USED TO REFER TO A BATTERY. AGGRAVATED ASSAULT INVOLVES A BATTERY INFLICTED BY USE OF A DEADLY WEAPON. |
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Term
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Definition
| CRIMES AIMED AT THE PROPERTY OF ANOTHER PERSON RATHER THAN AT THE PEROSN. SERIOUS PROPERTY CRIMES INCLUDE LARCENY-THEFT, BURGLARY, MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT, AND ARSON. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE ILLEGAL OR FORCIBLE ENTERING OF ANY ENCLOSED STRUCTURE IN ORDER TO COMMIT A CRIME, USUALLY THEFT. SOME JURISDICTIONS REQUIRE THAT THE INTENT BE TO COMMIT A FELONY RATHER THAN A LESS SERIOUS CRIME. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE UNLAWFUL REMOVAL AND TAKING AWAY OF SOMEONE ELSE'S PROPERTY WITH THE INTENTION OF KEEPING IT PERMANENTLY. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE STEALING OF AN AUTOMOBILE, IN CONTRAST TO THE STEALING OF AUTOMOBILE PART OR LARCENY-THEFT FROM AN AUTOMOBILE. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE WILLFUL AND MALICIOUS BURNING OF THE STRUCTURE OF ANOTHER WITH OR WITHOUT THE INTENT TO DEFRAUD. BURNING OF ONE'S OWN PROPERTY WITH THE INTENT TO DEFRAUD IS INCLUDED IN SOME DEFINTIONS. MANY MODERN STATUTES CARRY A MORE SEVERE PENALTY FOR THE BURNING OF A DWELLING THAN OF OTHER REAL PROPERTY. |
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Term
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Definition
| AS DEFINED IN THE FEDERAL CRIMINAL CODE, A CRIME "THAT MANIFESTS EVIDENCE OF PREJUDICE BASED ON RACE, RELIGION, DISABILITY, SEXUAL ORIENTATION, OR ETHNICITY, INCLUDING WHERE APPROPRIATE THE CRIMES OF MURDER, NONNEGLIGENT MANSLAUGHTER, FORCIBLE RAPE, AGGRAVATED ASSAULT, SIMPLE ASSAULT, INTIMIDATION, ARSON, AND DESTRUCITON, DAMAGE OR VANDALISM OF PROPERY." |
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Term
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Definition
| EVIDENCE THAT, ON ITS FACE, IS SUFFICIENT TO CONSTITUTE A FACT UNLESS IT IS SUFFICIENTLY REFUTED. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE DISCIPLINE THAT STUDIES THE NATURE AND CAUSES OF VICTIMIZATION, AS WELL AS PROGRAMS FOR AIDING VICTIMS AND PREVENTING VICTIMIZATION. |
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Term
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Definition
| PUNISHMENT THAT REQUIRES AN OFFENDER TO REPAY THE VICTIM WITH SERVICES OR MONEY. THIS PUNISHMENT MAY BE IMPOSED INSTEAD OF OR IN ADDITION TO OTHER PUNISHMENT OR FINES AND MAY BE A REQUIREMENT OF PAROLE. |
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Term
| VICTIM COMPENSATION PROGRAMS |
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Definition
| PLANS FOR ASSISTING CRIME VICTIMS IN MAKING SOCIAL, EMOTIONAL, AND ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENTS. |
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Term
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Definition
| PROVISIONS FOR PROTECTING MOTHERS ( OR FATHERS) WHO ABANDON THEIR NEWBORN CHILDREN IN WAYS THAT WILL PROTECT THOSE INFANTS. THESE LAWS ARE BECOMING MORE COMMON IN THE U.S. AS WELL AS SOME OTHER COUNTRIES. NORMALLY, THE LAW PERMIT NEW PARENTS TO LEAVE THE BABIES IN DESIGNATED SAFE PLACES AND AVOID PROSECUTION. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE CONCEPT THAT A CRIMINAL ACT MAY HAVE BEEN BROUGHT ON BY THE ALLEGED VICTIM'S ACTIONS. |
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