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| the knowledge, language, values, customs, and material objects that are passed from person to person and from one generation to the next in a human group or society |
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| consists of the physical or tangible creations that members of a society make, use, and shre |
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| consists of the abstract or intangible human creations of society that influence people's behavior |
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| customs and practices that occur across all societies. appearnce, activites, social institutions, and customary practices. |
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| anything that meaningfully represents something else |
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| defined as a set of symbols that expresses ideas and enables people to think and communicate with one another |
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| language not only expresses our thoughts and perceptions but also influences our perception of reality |
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| collective ideas about what is right or wrong, good or bad, and desirable or undesirable in a particular culture |
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| values that conflict with one another or are mutually exclusive |
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| refers to the values and standards of behavior that people in a society profess to hold |
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| refers to the values and standards of behavior that people actually follow. |
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| established rules of behavior or standards of conduct |
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| everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture |
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| strongly held norms that may not be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture |
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| mores so strong that their violation is considered to be extremely offensive |
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| formal, standardized norms that have been enacted by legislatures and are enforced by formal sanctions |
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| refers to the knowledge, techniques, and tools that allow people to transform resources into usable form and the knowledge and skills required to use what is developed. |
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| a gap between the technical development (material culture) of a society and its moral and legal institutions (nonmaterial culture) |
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| Cultural lag may result from three processes |
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1. discovery
2. invention
3. diffusion |
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| the process of learning about something previously unknown or unrecognized |
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| the process of combining existing cultural items into a new form |
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| the transmission of cultural items or social practices from one group or society to another. |
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| refers to the wide range of cultural differences foudn between and within nations |
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| a group of people who share a distinctive set of cultural beliefs and behaviors that differ in some significant way from that of hte larger society |
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| a group that strongly rejects dominant societal values and norms and seeks alternative lifestyles |
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| the disorientation that people feel when they encounter cultures radically different from their own and they believe they cannot depend on their own taken for granted assumptions about life |
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| the belief that the behaviors and customs of a society must be viewed and analyzed within the context of its own culture |
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