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Chapter 2
Cells
15
Science
7th Grade
09/22/2006

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Term
Cell Theory
Definition
states that all organisms are made up of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells come from other cells
Term
Cell Wall
Definition
rigid structure that encloses supports and protects the cells of plants, algae, fungi, and most bacteria
Term
Cell Membrane
Definition
protective outer covering of all cells that regulates the interaction between the cell and the environment
Term
Chloroplast
Definition
green, chlorophyll-containing, plant cell organelle that uses light energy to produce sugar from carbondioxide and water
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
Constantly moving gel-like mixture inside the cell membrane that contains hereditery material and is the location of most of a cell's life processes
Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
Cytoplasmic organell that moves materials around in a cel land is made up of a complex series of folded membranes; can be rough or smooth
Term
Golgi Body
Definition
organelles that package cellular materials and transport them within the cell or out of the cell
Term
Mitochondrion
Definition
Cell organelle that breaks down food and releases energy
Term
Nucleus
Definition
organelle that controls all the activities of a cell and contains hereditary material made of proteins and DNA
Term
Organ
Definition
structure such as the heart made up of different types of tissues that all work together
Term
Organelle
Definition
structure in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that can act as a storage site, process energy, move materials, or manufacture substances
Term
Ribosome
Definition
small cytoplasmic structure on which cells make their own proteins
Term
Tissue
Definition
Group of similar cells that work tegether to do one job
Term
Host Cell
Definition
living cell in which a virus can actively multiply or in which a virus can hide until activated by environmental stimuli
Term
Virus
Definition
a strand of hereditary material surrounded by a protein coating that can infect and multiply in a host cell
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