Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Neuron fibers that receive incoming messages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The main body of a neuron or other cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fiber that carries information away from the cell body of a neuron |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bulb-shaped structures at the ends of axons that form synapses with the dendrites and somas other neurons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The electrical charge of a neuron at rest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The point at which a nerve impulse is triggered |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tiny openings through the axon membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A drop in electrical charge below the resting potential |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fatty layer coating some axons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process by which nerve impulses conducted down the axons of neurons coated with myelin jump from gap to gap in the myelin layer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The microscopic space between two neurons, over which messages pass |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any chemical released by a neuron that alters activity in other neurons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Areas on the surface of neurons and other cells that are sensitive to neurotransmitters or hormones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The neurotransmitter released by neurons to activate muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Brain chemicals that regulate the activity of neurons, such as enkephalins and endorphins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The capacity of our brains to change in response to experience |
|
|
Term
| Central nervous system (CNS) |
|
Definition
| The brain and spinal cord |
|
|
Term
| Peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
|
Definition
| All parts of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A bundle of neuron fibers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A layer of cells that encases many axons |
|
|
Term
| Somatic nervous system (SNS) |
|
Definition
| The system of nerves linking the spinal cord with the body and sense organs |
|
|
Term
| Autonomic nervous system (ANS) |
|
Definition
| The system of nerves carrying information to and from the internal organs and glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A branch of the ANS that arouses the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A branch of the ANS that quiets the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The simplest behavior, in which a stimulus provokes an automatic response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nerve cell that carries information from the senses toward the CNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The production of new brain cells |
|
|
Term
| Computed Tomographic (CT) Scanning |
|
Definition
| A computer-enhanced X-ray image of the brain or body |
|
|
Term
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) |
|
Definition
| A three-dimensional image of the brain or body, based on its response to a magnetic field |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The research strategy of linking specific structures in the brain with specific psychological or behavioral functions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A detailed investigation of a single person, especially one suffering from some injury or disease |
|
|
Term
| Electrical stimulation of the brain (ESB) |
|
Definition
| Direct electrical stimulation and activation of brain tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any device (such as a wire, needle, or metal place) used to electrically stimulate or destroy nerve tissue or to record its activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical removal of tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of tissue within the brain by sue of an electrode |
|
|
Term
| Electroencephalograph (EEG) |
|
Definition
| A device that detects, amplifies, and records electrical activity in the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Positron emission tomography; a computer-generated image of brain activity based on glucose consumption in the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Functional magnetic resonance imaging that records brain activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The outer layer of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An increase in the relative size of the cerebral cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Subtle behavioral signs of brain dysfunction, including clumsiness, an awkward gait, poor hand-eye coordination, and other perceptual and motor problems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cutting the corpus callosum |
|
|
Term
| Lobes of the cerebral cortex |
|
Definition
| Areas on the cortex bordered by major fissures or defined by their functions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brain area associated with movement, the sense of self, and higher mental functions |
|
|
Term
| Primary motor area (primary motor cortex) |
|
Definition
| A brain area associated with control of movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A neuron that becomes active when a motor action is carried out and when another organism is observed carrying out the same action |
|
|
Term
| Association area (association cortex) |
|
Definition
| All areas of the cerebral cortex that are not primarily sensory or motor in function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A speech disturbance resulting from brain damage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A language area related to grammar and pronunciation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Operates mood, body temp, etc. "mood experience" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In control of nervous system, associated with learning, schizophrenia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| System that has to do with memory, emotion, and smell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This hemisphere deals with language, math, logic, time keeping, and rythem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This hemisphere deals with spacial skills, pattern recognition, and melody |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glands releasing hormones into blood stream |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
