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Chapter 24
Genes & Chromosomes
7
Biochemistry
Undergraduate 3
04/18/2016

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Term
chromatin
Definition
the chromosomal material in nondividing eukaryotic cells & those in interphase; amorphous & seems to be randomly dispersed in certain parts of the nucleus
Term
What is the relationship between histones & nucleosomes?
Definition
The DNA in the chromatin is very tightly associated with proteins called HISTONES, which package & order the DNA intro structural units called NUCLEOSOMES
Term
30 nm fiber
Definition
a structure into which nucleosome cores seem to be organized in chromosomes isolated by very gentle methods
Term
SMC proteins
Definition
a third major class of chromatin proteins (in addition to the histones & topoisomerases)
Term
cohesins
Definition
play a substantial role in linking together sister chromatids immediately after replication & keeping them together as the chromosomes condense to metaphase
Term
condensins
Definition
are essential to the condensation of chromosomes as cells enter mitosis
Term
nucleoid
Definition
a structure in which bacterial DNA is compacted; can occupy a significant fraction of cell volume
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