Term
-eukaryotic
-multicellular
-photosynthetic autotrophs
-varied and complex life cycles
-cell walls made of cellulose
-food reserve stored as starch or oils |
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Definition
| Main distinguishing characteristics of Kingdom Plantae... |
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Term
-Anchoring mechanism: roots
-Conducting vessels: Xylem and Phloem
-Increased support mechanism: lignin
-External protection: cuticle
-Mechanism for gas exchange:: stomata |
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Definition
| New traits exhibited by the plant kingdom as plants made transition from origins of water to land... |
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Definition
| parts fo the plants vascular tissue system. They transport water, minerals, nutrients, and hormones throughout the plant. |
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Definition
| Plants that have xylem and phloem |
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Definition
| material that is added to the cell walls of "woody" plants for increased support |
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Definition
| layer of waxy material on the epidermal layer of plants that helps prevent water loss of desiccation |
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Definition
| openings in teh surface of a leaf that allows gas exchange but limits water loss |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| alternation of generations |
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Definition
| Most plants go through a life cycle that involves a ______. (diploid to haploid life cycles) |
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Term
| sporophyte, haploid, meiosis |
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Definition
| In the plant life cycle, the diploid phase produces a _____ that produces ________ spores by _______. |
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Definition
| In the lifecycle, the haploid spores grow into the ____ that produces ______. |
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Definition
| Gametes fuse during fertilization to form a diploid ______ that then grows into another ______. |
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Term
Nonvascular - Bryophytes
Vascular - Tracheophytes |
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Definition
| As plants moved to land, two main categories of land plants emerged... |
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Term
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Definition
| These emerging land plants did not develop all of the characteristics for terrestrial life and remain closely linked to the water. Include mosses, liverworts, hornworts |
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Term
-No vascular tissue
-no true root, but have rhiziods
-no true stems or leaves
-semi-aquatic
-require water for sexual reproduction
-cuticle and stomata in some moss species
-protective structure for gametes (archegonium and antheridium) |
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Definition
| Characteristics of nonvascular plants are... |
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Term
| diffusion to move water, nutrients, etc. This limits their size and where they can grow. |
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Definition
| Since nonvascular plants lack vascular tissue, they rely on ... |
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Definition
| During the haploid phase of hte life cycle, the gametophytes produce _____ and _____. |
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Definition
| During mating in the haploid phase, the sperm swim from the ______ to the _____. |
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Term
-Roots
-Vascular tissue (xylem and phloem)
-Lignin |
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Definition
| The vascular land plants showed these additional characteristics... |
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Term
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Definition
| The first vascular plants to evolve were the ____ and include whisk ferms, lycophytes (club moss), horsetails, and ferns. |
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Term
-Produce spores, not seeds
-Sporophyte is the dominant form in the life cycle
-Still require water for reproduction |
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Definition
| All seedless vascular plants share these characteristics... |
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Term
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Definition
| Only plant in the seedless vascular plants that have well developed leaves... |
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Term
-No longer required water for reproduction
-Gametophyte greatly reduced, male gametophyte becomes pollen
-Seeds replace spores
-Heterosporous (male and female spores) |
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Definition
| The new characteristics of the vascular seeded plants |
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Term
Nonflowering - Gymnosperms
Flowering - Angiosperms |
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Definition
| The seeded vascular plants can be divided into two groups... |
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Term
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Definition
| Angiosperms and Gymnosperms show differences in... |
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Term
-embryo
-stored food
-seed coat |
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Definition
| the structure of the seeds for both gymnosperms and angiosperms have... (3 things) |
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Term
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Definition
| Seeded vascular plant that includes conifers, cycads, ginkgo, and gnetopytes |
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Term
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Definition
| most successful of the gymnosperms b/c of their ability to live under a wide variety of conditions |
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Term
| pollen and dominant sporophyte |
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Definition
| The life cycle of conifers show two of the key characteristics of seed plants... |
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Term
-flowers
-seeds inclosed in a fruit
-broad leaves
-advanced vascular tissue |
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Definition
| Main characteristics of angiosperms (flowering plants)... |
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Term
magnoliids
monocots (grasses, grains, lilies, and palms)
dicots |
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Definition
| Angiosperms are divided into 3 major groups... |
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