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Chapter 23
optics
32
Physics
9th Grade
04/29/2008

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Term
optics
Definition

 

 

 

 

 

 

the study of how light behaves

Term
light ray
Definition
an imaginary line that represents a thin beam of light
Term
converging lens (convex lens)
Definition
bends light so that the light rays come together too point
Term
diverging lens (concaue lens)
Definition
bends light so it spreads light apart instead of coming together
Term
Prism
Definition

another optical device

(made up of solid piece of glass with flat polished surfaces)

Term
Translucent
Definition
materials that allow light to pass through
Term

Specular   reflection

Definition
this type of reflection is: a ray of light that strikes a shiny surface (like a mirror) creates a single reflected ray
Term
Diffuse reflection
Definition

A surface that is not shiny creates this

A single ray of light scatters into many directions

Term
Reflected ray
Definition
the light ray that bounces off the mirror
Term
incident ray
Definition
the light ray that strikes the mirror
Term
Normal line
Definition
line between incident and reflected rays an imaginary line that is perpendicular to the surface of the mirror
Term
angle of incidence
Definition
the angle between the incident ray and the normal line
Term
angle of reflection
Definition
the angle between the normal line and the reflected ray
Term
law of reflection
Definition
 the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection
Term
Ray Diagram
Definition
An accurately drawn sketch showing how light rays interact with mirrors, lenses, and other optical devices
Term
Index of refraction
Definition
The_____for a material measures the ability of the material to bend light
Term
Angle of refraction
Definition
is the angle between the refracted ray and normal line
Term
Total internal reflection
Definition
As the angle of incidence increases, there is a point at which the light will not enter the air but reflect back into water
Term

Critical angle

Definition
The angle of incidence at which the angle of refractgion is 90 degrees
Term
Fiber optics
Definition
Are thin glass fibers and use total internal reflection to carry light, even around bends and corners.
Term
Dispersion
Definition
descibes how refractive index varies depending on the color of light
Term
Objects
Definition
are real physical things that gice off or reflect light rays
Term
Images
Definition
are pictures of objects that are formed in space where light rays meet
Term
Virtual image
Definition
the image in a mirroris called ____ because the light rays do not actually come together to form the image
Term
Axis
Definition
an imaginary line that goes throu the center of the lens
Term
Focal point
Definition
Light rays that enter a converging lens parallel to its axis bend to meet at a point called____
Term

Focal length

Definition
The distance from the center of the lens to the focal point
Term

Steps to drawing a ray diagram for converging lens(drawing all 3 together)

Definition

1. Draw a light ray passing throught the center of the lens

2. Darw a light ray that starts parallel to the axis and bends at the lens to pass thorugh the far focal point

3. Draw a light ray passing thorugh the near focal point. This light ray bends so it is parallel to the axis on the far side of the lens.

Term
Real image
Definition
a converging lens can form___. in_____ light from each single point on an object comes back together again at a single point in another place to make an image
Term
Focus
Definition
the place where the light comes back together again
Term
Magnification
Definition

of an object is the ratio of the size of the image divided by size of the object

Term
Refracting telescope
Definition
Has two converging lenses with different focal lenghts
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