Term
| Name some ways that microbes can enter the nervous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 2 systems of the nervous system? |
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Definition
central nervous system - spinal cord, brain peripheral nervous system - the rest of the body and the outside environment
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Term
Where does bacteria often grow in the brain? |
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Definition
| It can grow in the cerebrospinal fluid in the subarachnoid space. |
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Term
| What prevents passage of some materials such as antimicrobial drugs into the CNS? |
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Definition
| The blood brain barrier (capillaries) |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the meninges |
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Term
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Definition
inflammation of the brain |
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Term
| What are the layers of the skull bone to the brain? |
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Definition
skull bone dura mater arachnoid mater subarachnoid space* pia mater cerebrum
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Term
| What are the effects of bacterial meningitis? |
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Definition
fever, headache, stiff neck nausea and vomiting may progress to convulsion and coma
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Term
| What antimicrobial drug can treat bacterial meningitis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of tests do health workers use to determine bacterial meningitis? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| haemophilius influenza meningitis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 10% of people are healthy nasopharyngeal carriers of this microorganism... |
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Definition
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Term
| What meningitis disease often happens in college campuses? |
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Definition
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Term
| Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis |
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Definition
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Term
| 70% of people are normal nasopharyngeal carriers of this microorganism... |
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Definition
| pneumonococcal meningitis |
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Term
| What are the mortality rates of pneumonoccal meningitis for children and elderly adults? |
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Definition
children - 30% mortality elderly - 80% mortality
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| This bacteria is usually food born but can be transmitted to fetus. It can reproduce in phagocytes |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where does tetanus grow on the body? |
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Definition
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Term
Where does tetanospasmin come from and what does it do? |
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Definition
| It is released from dead cells and it blocks relaxation pathway to muscles |
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Term
How can tetanus be treated? |
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Definition
| with tetanus immune globulin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
How does a person get botulism? |
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Definition
| It comes from ingesting botulinal toxins |
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Term
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Definition
| Botulinal toxins block release of neurotransmitter causing flaccid paralysis |
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Term
| What bacteria grows in can food that contains a small pinpoint hole in it ? |
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Definition
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Term
Botulism: 60-70% mortality Found in CA, WA, CO, OR, NM |
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Definition
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Term
Botulism: 20% fatality Europe and eastern united states |
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Definition
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Term
Botulism: Found in marine and lake sediments pacific northwest, alaska, great lakes |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where does mycobacterium leprae grow in the body? |
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Definition
| in peripheral nerves and skin cells |
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Term
| How is leprosy contracted? |
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Definition
| Prolong contact with an infected person |
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Term
| What are the 2 types of leprosy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Type of leprosy that results in loss of sensation in skin areas; positive lepromin test |
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Definition
| Tuberculoid (neural) form |
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Term
| Type of leprosy that results in disfiguring nodules over body; negative lepromin test |
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Definition
| lepromatous (progressive) form |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How is polio transmitted? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the initial symptoms of polio? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How is rabies transmitted? |
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Definition
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Term
| how does Rabies infect the body? |
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Definition
| Bacteria multiplies in the skeletal muscles then travels to the brain causing encephalitis |
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Term
| What are some initial symptoms of rabies? |
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Definition
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Term
| Animals are restless then highly excitable |
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Definition
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Term
| animals seem unaware of its surrounding |
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Definition
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Term
| Infection of the human diploid cells vaccine |
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Definition
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Term
| Vaccine plus immune globulin |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How does a person contract arboviral encephalitis? |
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Definition
| being bitten by arthropods therefore prevention is controlling mosquitos |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis |
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Definition
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Term
Soil fungus associated with pigeon and chicken droppings |
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Definition
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Term
| How is cryptococcosis transmitted? |
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Definition
| through respiratory route then it spreads to the CNS |
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Term
| What is the mortality rate of cryptococcosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are treatments of cryptococcosis |
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Definition
Amphotericin B and flucytocine |
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Term
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Definition
| Trypanosoma brucei gambiense |
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Term
| Type of infection that is chronice to 2 - 4 years |
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Definition
| trypanosoma brucei gambiense |
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Term
| How is African Trypanosomiasis transmitted? |
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Definition
| It is transmitted from the tsetse fly to humans |
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Term
Protozoan infects nasal mucosa from swimming water |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are 2 spongiform encephalitis diseases? |
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Definition
creutzfieldt jakob disease kuru disease |
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