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Chapter 22
Organisms
35
Science
7th Grade
05/03/2011

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Term
Producer
Definition
Organisms that make their own food (first organism in the food chain).
Term
Consumer
Definition
Organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms.
Term
First-level consumer
Definition
Second organism in a food chain that feeds on the producer.
Term
Second-level consumer
Definition
Eats the first level consumer.
Term
Herbivore
Definition
Consumer thta eats only plants. (Deer and caterpillar)
Term
Carnivore
Definition
Consumer that eats only animals (spider and lion).
Term
Omnivore
Definition
Consumer that eats both plants and animals.
Term
Scavenger
Definition
Carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms.
Term
Decomposer
Definition
Breaks down wastes and dead organisms and returns raw materials into the ecosystem. (bacteria and mushrooms).
Term
Photosynthesis
Definition
Process by which plants, algae and some bacteria capture energy in sunlight to make food.
Term
Energy pyramid
Definition
Diagram tha shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web.
Term
Food Chain
Definition
Series of events in which one organism eats another and obtains energy.
Term
Food web
Definition
Many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem.
Term
Precipitation
Definition
Rain, snow, sleet or hail.
Term
Evaporation
Definition
Process where molecules of liquid water absorb energy and change into gas.
Term
Condensation
Definition
Process where a gas changes into a liquid.
Term
Nitrogen fixation
Definition
Process of changing free nitrogen into a usable from of nitrogen.
Term
Nodules
Definition
Bumps on the roots of certain plants where bacteria live.
Term
Climate
Definition
The temperature and precipitation of a area over a period of time.
Term
Biogeography
Definition
The study of where organisms live.
Term
Physical barrier
Definition
Oceans, mountains, deserts
Term
Continental drift
Definition
Very slow movement of continents.
Term
Biome
Definition
A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms.
Term
Desert
Definition
An area that receives less than 25cm of rain.
Term
Tundra
Definition
Biome that is extremely cold and dry.
Term
Permafrost
Definition
Soil that is frozen all year in the tundra.
Term
Estuary
Definition
Ecosystem that is found where the fresh water of a river meets the salt water of the ocean.
Term
Exotic species
Definition
An organism tht is carried to a new location by people.
Term
Freshwater ecosystems
Definition
Streams, rivers, ponds and lakes.
Term
Intertidal zone
Definition
Between the highest high tide line and the lowest low time line.
Term
Deep zone
Definition
Located below the surface zone (almost totally dark).
Term
How much rainfall does the desert biome receive each year?
Definition
Less than 25cm per year.
Term
Places that have species that occupy similar niches tend to have similar...
Definition
climates.
Term
What is the energy role of the first organism in a food chain?
Definition
Producers
Term
Describe the climate of the tropical rain forest?
Definition
Warm, humid and rainy.
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