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Chapter 2
Population
18
Geography
Undergraduate 3
09/27/2010

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Term
Agricultural density
Definition
The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.
Term
Arable land
Definition
Land suitable for agriculture.
Term
Arithmetic density
Definition
The total number of people divided by the total land area.
Term
Crude birth rate (CBR)
Definition
The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.
Term
Crude death rate (CDR)
Definition
The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.
Term
Demographic transition
Definition
The process of change in a society's population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population.
Term
Demography
Definition
The scientific study of population characteristics.
Term
Dependency ratio
Definition
The number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64, compared to the number of people active in the labor force.
Term
Doubling time
Definition
The number of years needed to double a popĀ­ulation, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.
Term
Epidemiologic transition
Definition
Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition.
Term
Epidemiology 
Definition
Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that affect large numbers of people.
Term
Infant mortality rate (IMR)
Definition
The total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year old for every 1,000 live births in a society.
Term
Life expectancy
Definition
The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average numĀ­ber of years a newborn infant can expect to liv
Term
Natural increase rate (NIR)
Definition
The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.
Term
Overpopulation
Definition
The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living.
Term
Pandemic Disease
Definition
that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population.
Term
Physiological density
Definition
The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture.
Term
Total fertility rate (TFR)
Definition
The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years.
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