Term
|
Definition
| Altered Level of Consciousness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inability to express oneself through speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gross lack of coordination of muscles such as staggering gait |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Partial or complete wasing away of a part of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to an impairment in spatial perception and stability |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Speech condition that occurs making it difficult to pronounce words due to weakness, paralysis, or lack of muscle coordination |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Speech disorder in which there is an impairment of speech and of comprehension of speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Loss of regular control of the bowels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Weakness on one side of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Total paralysis of the arm, leg, and trunk on the same side of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Loss of Consciousness or Level of Consciousness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sensation of tingling, burning, pricking, or numbness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| State consisting of lightheadedness, muscular weakness, and feeling faint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Loss of sensation restricted to the area of the buttocks and perenium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Temporary loss of consciousness, fainting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of dizziness where there is a feeling of motion when one is stationary |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Alert and Oriented to Person, Place, Time, and Event |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tremor of the wrist when the wrist is extended (dorsiflexion) due to motor disorder; characterized by jerking movements associated with metabolic encephalopathy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reflex elicited when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt instrument based upon what the big toe does when the sole of the foot is stimulated (Normal: toes going down) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Series of involuntary muscular contractions and relaxations, a sign of certain neurological conditions; upper motor neuron lesions such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord damage, and hepatic encephalopathy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cranial Nerves - 12 pairs of nerves that emanate from the nervous tissue of the brain (Normal: cranial nerves II-XII intact) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extraocular Movements Intact |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal body posture that involves the arms and legs being held straight out, the toes being pointed downward, and the head and neck being arched backwards |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal posturing in which a person is stiff with bent arms, clenched fists, and legs held straight out |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Deep Tendon Reflexes - reflexes are elicited and measuread on a scale of 0 to 5+; often patellar reflex tested (Normal: 2+ patellar reflex) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Finger-Nose-Finger Test - patient extends index finger and touches nose then touches examiner's outstretched finger with the same finger and goes back and forth between touching nose and examiner's finger (Normal: normal finger to nose testing) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Problem with nerve, spinal cord, or brain function. It affects a specific location, such as the left side of the face, right arm, etc (Normal: no facial deficits) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Particular way or manner of moving on foot. Abnormalities can be described as staggering, shuffling, or ataxic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glasgow Coma Scale - neurological scale that aims to give a reliable, objective way of recording the conscious state of a person based on eye, verbal, and motor function on a scale of 3-15 (Normal: GCS 15) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| While laying supine, patient is instructed to place heel of one leg on shin of opposite leg just below the knee and then slide it down shin to the top of their foot, repeating motion as quickly as possible without making mistakes and then switching legs and repeating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Positive when the thigh is bent at the hip and knee at 90 degree angles, and subsequent extension in the knee is painful |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Less than full mental capacity in a medical patient, typically as a result of a medical condition or trauma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| state of feeling drowsy, ready to fall asleep |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Continuous and passive partial contration of the muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Patiant is unable to flex his or her head forward due to an un-natural rigidity in the neck muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Involuntary rapid eye movements; vertical or horizontal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Indicator of upper motor neuron. In upper motor neuron weakness, supination is weaker than pronation in the upper extremity, leading to a pronation of the affected arm |
|
|
Term
| Rapid Alternating Hand Movements |
|
Definition
| Patient asked to tap the palm of one hand with the fingers of the other and then rapidly turn over the fingers and tap the palm with the back of them repeatedly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Clinical term for and inability to perform rapidly alternating movements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Neurological test to detect poor balance based on the inability to maintain a steady standing posture with the eyes closed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rates pateint's muscle strangth on a 0-5 scale |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Involuntary, somewhat rythmic, muscle contraction and relaxation involving to-and-fro movements (oscillations or twitching) of one or more body parts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Form of facial paralysis resulting from a dysfunction of the cranial nerve VII (the facial nerve) that results in the inability to control facial muscles on the affected side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Weakness in the wall of a cerebral artery or vein causes a localized dialation or balooning of the blood vessel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cerebral Palsy - motor conditions that cause physical disability in human development; caused by damage to motor control centers of the developing brain and can occur during pregnancy, during childbirth, or after birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cereberal Vascular Accident - blood flow to part of the brain stops; ischemic or hemorrhagic. Also called stroke. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Loss of global cognitive ability in a previously unimpaired person, beyond what might be expected from normal aging |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Electroencephalography - recording of electrical activity along the scalp. EEG measures voltage fluctuations resulting from ionic current flows within the neurons of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Collection of pus (infected material) between the outer covering of the brain and spinal cord and the bones of the skull or spine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Brain disorder in which a person has repeated seizures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Buildup of fluid inside the skull that leads to brain swelling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lumbar Puncture - procedure whereby spinal fluid is removed from the spinal canal for the purpose of diagnostic testing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the membranes of the spinal cord or brain (bacterial or viral) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mental Retardation - generalized disorder appearing before adulthood, characterized by significantly impaired cognitive functioning and deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Degenerative disease of the central nervous system that leads to shaking (tremors) and difficulty with walking, moving, and coordination |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to damage to nerves of the peripheral nervous system associated with varying combinations of weakness, autonomic changes, and sensory changes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Period shortly after a seizure where the brain is still recovering characterized by drowsiness, confusion, nausean, hypertension, headache or migrane, and other disorienting symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - bleeding in the area between the brain and the thin tissues that cover the brain (subarachnoid space) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal electrical activity in the brain classified by grand mal, absence, myoclonic, clonic, tonic, or atonic seizures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of seizure that only affects part of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term commonly given to a starting spell, most commonly called an "absence seizure." It is a brief (usually less than 15 seconds) disturbance of brain function due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Typer of generalized seizure that affects the entire brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Collection of blood on the surface of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Transient Ischemia Attack - transient episode of neurologic dysfunction caused by ischemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt - used to treat swelling of the brain due to excess buildup of cerebrospinal fluid by draining fluid into the peritoneal cavity |
|
|
